Chapter 20 Section 1 Acids: -taste sour -aqueous solutions of acids are electrolytes -cause indicators to change color (ex- blue litmus paper will turn red) -can dissolve metals -can burn skin -can neutralize a base (will form salt and water when reacted with a base)

acid- a compound that produces hydrogen ions when dissolved in water ex- HCℓ(aq) → H+(aq) + Cℓ-(aq) -acids are compounds dissolved in water -will have (aq) -always begin with hydrogen (H) Ex- HCℓ H3PO3 H2SO4

Rules for Naming Acids -you must look at what follows the hydrogen 1) if single element (ends in –ide), use prefix hydro-, root of the element, -ic ending and the word acid ex- HCℓ hydrochloric acid

2) if what follows hydrogen ends in –ite, add –ous ending to root of the polyatomic ion and add acid ex- H3PO3 phosphorous acid 3) if what follows hydrogen ends in –ate, add –ic ending to root of the polyatomic ion and add acid ex- H2SO4 sulfuric acid **Reverse rules to write formulas from name

Try these!! HI H2CO3 H2SO3 hydroiodic acid carbonic acid sulfurous acid Write formulas for: nitrous acid HNO2 hydrosulfuric acid H2S chloric acid HCℓO3

Base- a substance that produces OH- ions in aqueous solution ex- NaOH(aq) → Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) *also known as alkaline Bases -taste bitter -slippery feeling -can be strong or weak electrolytes -can neutralize an acid (will form salt and water when reacted with an acid) -cause indicators to change color (ex- red litmus paper will turn blue)

Naming Bases *all bases end with –OH -named the same way we name ionic compounds 1) name cation 2) add word hydroxide ex- NaOH sodium hydroxide calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2