Aim: How to determine if an Ionic Solid Dissolves in Water

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Presentation transcript:

Aim: How to determine if an Ionic Solid Dissolves in Water DO NOW: List properties of ionic compounds

Electrolytes An electrolyte is a substance that conducts an electrical current when in an aqueous solution(dissolved in water) or a molten state. Electrolyte: a substance that dissolves in water to produce separated, free-moving ions, giving an electrically conductive solution All electrolytes are ionic compounds (acids, bases, and salts).

Electrolyte dissolved in Water The ions in the ionic compound separate and the ionic bonds break.

Nonelectrolyte dissolved in Water Molecules separate into each other, but do not separate into ions.

Strong Electrolytes, Weak Electrolytes, and Nonelectrolytes Strong electrolytes are good conductors of electricity when dissolved. Soluble in water; ions completely dissociate Weak electrolytes are weak conductors of electricity when dissolved. Slightly soluble in water; ions slightly dissociate Nonelectrolytes do not conduct electricity when in an aqueous solution or in a molten state. Most molecular compounds Completely dissociates into ions Slightly dissociates into ions Does not dissociate into ions

Electrolytes Conduct Electricity A solution of free-moving, separated ions can conduct electricity.

Electrolyte Demo Three solutions have been prepared to test their electrical conductivity A. Sodium chloride mixed with water B. Lemon juice (citric acid) mixed with water C. Chalk (calcium carbonate) mixed with water

Turn and Talk Explain in terms of ions the difference between the three solutions

No ions. A few ions. Many ions.

How to determine if an ionic compound dissolves in water Solubility Guidelines Table F The solubility of ionic compounds in aqueous solutions is wide and varied. Some compounds are highly soluble (e.g. NaCl), some compounds are moderately soluble (e.g. SnI2) and some compounds are highly insoluble (e.g., AgCl)

Insoluble Ionic Compounds Dissolve to a very small degree

Question using Table F Based on Reference Table F, which of these salts is the best electrolyte? Sodium nitrate Magnesium carbonate Silver chloride Barium sulfate