The Carbon Cycle… life and Earth’s atmosphere Carbon is an ________________ atomic # _______ means _____________________ valence electrons ________ it is referred to as the element of life….. link where’d the carbon on Earth come from?... link and now that it is here on Earth…. element 6 each atom of C has 6 protons 4

the element carbon is involved in two key processes related to life…. Organisms in which photosynthesis occurs Organisms that undergo cellular respiration Organelle that this process occurs in…

What do you know about photosynthesis & cellular respiration?

Photosynthesis occurs in what organisms? plants and some bacteria (protists) sunlight Photosynthesis requires ___________________ ( __________________ ___________________ ) to produce ____________________ light energy in the form of e/m radiation carbohydrates

all living things… Cellular Respiration occurs in what organisms? requires _________________ to ______________________ _______________________ all living things… carbohydrates provide energy

What is an organelle? link What organelle is responsible for Photosynthesis? _______________ What organelle is responsible for Cellular Respiration? ___________________ chloroplasts mitochondria

to better understand photosynthesis, cellular respiration, the carbon cycle, and their relationship to the atmosphere…. (remember we are in the atmosphere unit) we need to better understand chemical changes and how they are represented chemical change __________________________________________ _________________________________________________ (physical change ____________________________________ _________________________________________________ ) a chemical change is represented by a chemical equation a change in which one or more substance(s) are converted into one or more new substance(s) at the atomic scale, bonds between atoms are broken, and new bonds form a change in which no new substances form ex: change in temperature, change in state…

H2 + O2  H2O reactants products chemical change __________________________________________ _________________________________________________ a chemical change is represented by a chemical equation a change in which one or more substance(s) are converted into one or more new substance(s) at the atomic scale, bonds between atoms are broken, and new bonds form H2 + O2  H2O turn into reactants products

photosynthesis: respiration: The chemistry of photosynthesis and respiration… photosynthesis: reactants (______________________): ___________________ ______________ products (_________________________): _____________________ ____________ respiration: ___________________ _____________ ___________________ _____________ Represent how the reaction for photosynthesis is related to the reaction for respiration the stuff you start with carbon dioxide CO2 water H2O the new stuff you end with glucose C6H12O6 oxygen O2 the stuff you start with aerobic cellular respiration glucose C6H12O6 oxygen O2 the new stuff you end with carbon dioxide CO2 water H2O

before we further consider the chemistry of photosynthesis and respiration…. we’ll take a detour….. Think back to the lemonade making activity. What is the Law of Conservation of Matter ? given this law is true… what is incorrectly represented in the chemical equation below ? H2 + O2  H2O

given this law is true… what is incorrectly represented in the chemical equation below ? H2 + O2  H2O called ___________________________________________ unbalanced How would we fix this “problem”? called ___________________________________________ balancing the chemical equaiton need to have enough molecules of each substance such that the number of atoms of each element in the reactants equals the number of atoms of each element in the products

PRACTICE need to have enough molecules of each substance such that the number of atoms of each element in the reactants equals the number of atoms of each element in the products H2 + O2  H2O PRACTICE

(general) Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis! (general) Chemical Equation for (aerobic) Cellular Respiration!

(general) Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis! (general) Chemical Equation for (aerobic) Cellular Respiration!

Photosynthesis: purpose _____________________________________________ to provide food for energy to “do”, and for “stuff” to build Balanced Chemical Equation Connection to Atmosphere (gases consumed and produced) Where the reaction takes place Energy in / out From / to …. consumed: produced: carbon dioxide, CO2 in the chloroplasts in cells 6 CO2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 O2 energy in from the Sun oxygen, O2 aerobic Cellular Respiration: purpose __________________________________________ to provide energy to “do” Balanced Chemical Equation Connection to Atmosphere (gases consumed and produced) Where the reaction takes place Energy in / out From / to …. consumed: produced: oxygen, O2 C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O in the mitochondria in cells energy out stored in ATP carbon dioxide, CO2

Now that you have an understanding of the chemical changes for photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration, where they take place, how they are connected, and the gases involved, create a diagram that shows: - organelle where the reactions take place - the reactions - the relationship between the chemical reactions - the energy source and/or where energy is stored for each reaction - the gases involved and the connection to the atmosphere

Investigate Carbon Cycling in an Aquatic Plant Lab: Investigate Carbon Cycling in an Aquatic Plant before we do the lab… review some lab terminology OR set up lab, then review terminology instructions experimental methods (pg 2) fill in initial observations (pg 3) go back to page 1 and begin answering questions

definitions first then examples before we do the lab… review some lab terminology Let’s say we want to test the effectiveness of different soaps/sanitizers on bacterial growth… variable ________________________________________ there are two types of variables: independent ______________________________ __________________________________ dependent ______________________________ constant ________________________________________ definitions first then examples

Let’s say we want to test the effectiveness of different soaps/sanitizers on bacterial growth… variable ________________________________________ there are two types of variables that are meant to change: independent ______________________________ __________________________________ dependent ______________________________ constant ________________________________________ control __________________________________________ anything that potentially changes in an experiment. the variable that is intentionally varied by the experimenter…. the cause the variable that the experimenter measures the response of… .the effect any variable that is held the same in an experiment to make sure that only the Independent Variable is being changed sample(s) to which the independent variable is not applied… (… or applied at a reference level) where the independent variable being tested cannot influence the results (the effects on the dependent variable)

before we do the lab… review some lab terminology Let’s say we want to test the effectiveness of different soaps/sanitizers on bacterial growth… variable ________________________________________ there are two types of variables: independent ______________________________ __________________________________ dependent ______________________________ constant ________________________________________

C6H12O6 6 H2O + + 6 O2 6 CO2 taken in from atmosphere by photosynthesis released into atmosphere by photosynthesis released into atmosphere by aerobic cellular respiration taken in from atmosphere by respiration energy stored in ATP….