Mutational analysis within the 3′ region of the PKD1 gene

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Mutational analysis within the 3′ region of the PKD1 gene Celia Badenas, Roser Torra, José Luis San Millán, Liliana Lucero, Montserrat Milà, Xavier Estivill, Alejandro Darnell  Kidney International  Volume 55, Issue 4, Pages 1225-1233 (April 1999) DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00368.x Copyright © 1999 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of the CB.6 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product corresponding to exon 44 and intron 44 of the PKD1 gene in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Abnormal fragments correspond to L4032L-C, Q4041X, V4044, IVS44+19delG, and IVS44+37ins5. PR43 presents the pattern of a normal individual plus two extra bands representing the mutant chromosome (carrying mutation Q4041X and the L4032L-C and IVS44+19delG variants). The fact that the normal pattern is present in this patient clearly indicates that the three detected changes are on the same chromosome. Kidney International 1999 55, 1225-1233DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00368.x) Copyright © 1999 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Proposed evolution of PKD1 chromosomes carrying variants A4091A-A/G, A4058V, I4044V, L4136L-C/T, and 13135GA. Frequencies for these haplotypes are shown on the right. Kidney International 1999 55, 1225-1233DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00368.x) Copyright © 1999 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Map of the region of the PKD1 transcript analyzed (exons 43 through 46) showing the locations of described mutations and of the coiled-coil domain. Mutations described in this article are shown in bold. Exons are shown in dark gray, introns in white, and the 3′UTR in pale gray. PKD1 domains as described by Sandford et al are shown at the bottom38: TM, transmembrane domains (white boxes) and coiled-coil domain (filled box). Mutation 10708del5.5kb, comprising from intron 34 to exon 46, is not shown. Kidney International 1999 55, 1225-1233DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00368.x) Copyright © 1999 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 COILS analysis of PKD1 mutation Q4224P. Plots showing the probability of forming a coiled-coil structure (y axis, from 0 to 1) against amino acid number (x axis, only the carboxy termini are represented) of the wild-type allele Q4224 and the P4224. Analyses were performed as indicated in the Methods section with the most stringent criteria (window size 28). The predicted coiled-coil of polycystin is illustrated as heptad repeats of seven amino acids. The letters a through g designate the positions of residues within the heptad with hydrophobic residues generally found at the “a” and “d” positions. The five consecutive heptads that from the coiled-coil structure are numbered 1 through 5 (residues 4214 through 4248 of polycystin). The glutamine at position 4224 is boxed. Two additional heptads (A and B), separated from the group of five by a proline-rich block of seven amino acids (underlined), are identified when a smaller window size is used. Kidney International 1999 55, 1225-1233DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00368.x) Copyright © 1999 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions