Completely thoracoscopic bilateral pulmonary vein isolation and left atrial appendage exclusion for atrial fibrillation A. Yilmaz, B.P. Van Putte, W.J. Van Boven The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 136, Issue 2, Pages 521-522 (August 2008) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2008.01.035 Copyright © 2008 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions
Figure 1 Three thoracoports were introduced on each side, the first on the midaxillary line and a second 5 cm anteriorly through the fourth intercostal space. The third port was inserted between the two ports through the sixth intercostal space. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2008 136, 521-522DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2008.01.035) Copyright © 2008 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions