Cell proliferations, ROS production, and ATP levels in HASMCs cultured under high-glucose condition. Cell proliferations, ROS production, and ATP levels.

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Cell proliferations, ROS production, and ATP levels in HASMCs cultured under high-glucose condition. Cell proliferations, ROS production, and ATP levels in HASMCs cultured under high-glucose condition. HASMCs treated with normal glucose (100 mg/dl) (NG), high glucose (300 mg/dl) (HG), and high glucose plus insulin (10 μg/ml insulin) (HG + INS). HASMCs under HG + INS conditions were transfected with various plasmids. A: Cell proliferation BrdU ELISA. B: Intracellular ROS measured with CM-H2DCFFDA. C: Cellular ATP contents. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. pcDNA group. Takashi Matsuoka et al. Diabetes 2005;54:2882-2890 ©2005 by American Diabetes Association