Animation: DNA makes DNA

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Presentation transcript:

Animation: DNA makes DNA DNA REPLICATION Animation: DNA makes DNA

DNA vs. RNA DNA RNA Number of strands Bases Included Name of Sugar Role 2 (double) 1 (single) A-T C-G A-U C-G Deoxyribose Ribose Genetic Sequence for traits Transcription / translation

Types of RNA (p. 362-363) Type of RNA Function mRNA tRNA rRNA Transfer RNA: brings Amino Acids to Ribosomes Ribosomal RNA: makes up the ribosomes Messenger RNA: Encodes

Notes: Transcription & Translation EQ: How does the information in DNA become an expressed gene?

Transcription – the process of making mRNA (write) mRNA (messenger RNA) must be made because DNA cannot leave the nucleus (too BIG!!). mRNA will provide a copy of the instructions from DNA and take them to a ribosome, where a protein will be made. Transcription Animation-J.Kyrk Let's Transcribe a gene Remember – mRNA is a single stranded copy of DNA that contains Uracil instead of Thymine.

Translation – the process of making a protein mRNA travels to a ribosome and delivers the instructions from DNA to the ribosome. The ribosome begins to assemble proteins using the instructions contained in mRNA. Every 3 letters on the mRNA (a codon) codes for an amino acid. tRNA delivers these amino acids to the ribosome. When the amino acids are strung together, a protein is made. Translation Animation-J.Kyrk Let's Translate mRNA! Let’s Practice: How many codons can you see in this mRNA sequence??? AUCGCCUUACCGUUG

Let us go over this one more time… Step1: DNA copies instructions to mRNA in transcription. Step 2: mRNA delivers the instructions to the ribsome. Step 3: Ribosome “reads” the mRNA one codon at a time. Step 4: tRNA delivers the amino acid that matches the codon on the mRNA. Step 5: A protein is made. Transcription Animation Translation Animation

DNA mRNA Protein (polypeptide) And again: How do proteins get made from the instruction encoded in DNA? DNA mRNA Protein (polypeptide) Transcription (occurs in nucleus) Translation (occurs on a ribosome) Firefly Gene Expression Animation

HW: Complete Coloring w/ Follow Up Questions