Section Three: Feudal Japan (pg. 40-42)

(40-42) Bellwork: If you had to protect yourself from an enemy, why might and island be a good place to defend yourself? What might be some drawbacks

Japan Geography Geography Archipelago- chain of islands 4/5 of land is mountainous Difficult to farm Most towns located in valleys and along coastline Natural protection from invaders Surrounded by water At times isolated themselves Natural disasters Volcanoes—Ring of Fire Tsunamis- large tidal waves

Japanese Culture Religion Shinto- “The way of the Kami” Worship the forces of nature Still survives today Buddhism is also brought into Japan from Korean missionaries Zen Buddhism- Emphasized self-reliance, meditation and devotion to duty Feudalism Daimyo- Greater lords Divided the lands to lesser lords Samurai- Lesser lords Japanese warriors Bushido- Warrior code Honor, bravery and loyalty Japanese Culture (Shrine Link) Shinto shrine https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5F5M7Lei7yQ Similar to anything?

Mongols invasion Mongols try to invade Kublai Khan attempt in 1274 30,000 troops arrive Typhoon wrecked ships Mongols retreat 1281 2nd attempt Again typhoon drives back invasion Kamikaze- Divine winds Japanese believe the Gods protected them

Unique Japan Having escaped defeat by the Mongols, feudalism persisted in Japan. Like in Europe, a strict class structure existed based on land, loyalty, and military power.

(40-42) Bell work: Do you think that it is better to have a single powerful leader or share power among many?

Shogunates Japanese Feudalism Shogunate—Japanese Kingdoms or military dynasties Shoguns-Supreme military commander There were emperors, but were powerless Three Shogunates 1192-1333 Kamakura Shogunate Fell apart during Mongol invasions Ashikaga Shogunate1336-1573 Plagued by feudal warfare Tokugawa Shogunate 1603-1868 Created more centralized gov’t Economy grows New roads Farming improvements Shogunates Tokugawa

VS.

Feudalism Comparison Japan Western Europe Emperor-absolute ruler yet most of the real power was with the… Shogun-military leader who had most the political power due to the military (king) (upper noble) Sakuramachi Tokogawa shogun

Feudalism Comparison Japan Western Europe Daimyo-landowners who helped organize the military Samurai-highly trained warriors who followed a moral code of behavior called bushido like the knights’ chivalry. The Bushido characteristics of honesty and loyalty are still an important part of the Japanese society today. Peasants-everyone else who were heavily worked and taxed (lesser noble) (knights) (serf)

Exit Ticket: Why did Feudalism emerge in Japan?

(40-42) Bell work: Where do you see different levels of power and roles in your own society? Do you think these roles are important to function? PBS the way of the Samurai https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VmJwBV_iJRQ