GLORIOUS REVOLUTION.

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Presentation transcript:

GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

BACKGROUND 1215 - King John forced to sign the Magna Carta, agreeing to obey laws & consult with Parliament (legislature = make laws) Magna Carta Video 1603 Queen Elizabeth dies James I is King (absolute monarch) dissolves (gets rid of) Parliament raises taxes, wages war, persecutes Puritans (those who want to purify the Anglican Church of Catholic influences)

CHARLES i 1625 - inherits throne & rules without Parliament 1628 - Charles needs $$ from Parliament for wars with Spain & France  forced to sign Petition of Right monarch cannot raise taxes without Parliament’s consent monarch cannot imprison people without just cause 1629 - he dissolves Parliament again

ENGLAND’S CIVIL WAR 1641 - Scotland threatens to invade England & Charles needs $ again Parliament tries to limit power  conflict erupts  Civil War Royalist/Cavaliers support King Charles Roundheads – opposition army – leader is Oliver Cromwell 1649 - Roundheads bring Charles to trial for treason & execute him

THE REIGN OF OLIVER CROMWELL Cromwell becomes military ruler of England (abolishes monarchy) Puritan Morality: passes strict laws against “sinful” acts (closes theatres, outlaws gambling /dancing, bans books, etc.) crushes rebellion in Ireland & takes land for own soldiers religious toleration for everyone except Catholics (Ireland) 1658 - Cromwell dies & new Parliament invites Charles II to rule as King  “RESTORATION”

HABEAS CORPUS Definition: anyone accused of a crime would appear before a judge & either be released to given a trial by jury and cannot be held in prison indefinitely 1685 - Charles II dies  James II is King (his brother)

James ii and the glorious revolution He suspends laws, abuses power, appoints Catholics to government office Parliament invites Mary (daughter of James II) & William to take down James and rule England James II agrees  NO BLOODSHED = GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY ARE ESTABLISHED! ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS 1689 - BILL OF RIGHTS & CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY ARE ESTABLISHED! limited monarchy shares power w/Parliament (more government, less royal/absolute power) individual freedoms (including habeas corpus) guaranteed House of Commons has “power of purse”