Belief Systems and World Religions Global One Review 33

What is the purpose of any religion?

Hinduism Polytheistic Bhagavad-Gita India (South Asia) Reincarnation Location Type Book Characteristics Impact Reincarnation Dharma Karma Vishnu, Shiva, Brahman Polytheistic Bhagavad-Gita CASTE SYSTEM! Born into caste Determines all aspects of life No social mobility Partition of India  religious tension btwn Hindus and Muslims India (South Asia)

Buddhism -- Bhagavad-Gita India  East Asia Location Type Book Characteristics Impact -- Reincarnation Karma Four Noble Truths Eightfold Path Siddhartha Gautama (founder) Bhagavad-Gita Spread out of India along the Silk Road Asoka’s Pillars- non-violent laws based off Buddhism India  East Asia

Judaism MONOTHEISTIC!! Torah Israel, Europe, USA Location Type Book Characteristics Impact Founder Abraham made covenant with god (promise) Promised Hebrews a holy land in Israel Ten Commandments MONOTHEISTIC!! Torah Anti-Semitism Protestant Reformation Russian Pogroms Holocaust Creation of Israel after WWII Arab vs. Jewish nationalism Religious conflict Israel, Europe, USA

Confucianism The Analects China  Korea  Japan Location Type Book Characteristics Impact --- Filial Piety (respect for elders) Five Relationships Maintain social order The Analects Civil Service- the ruler should lead by example Stressed education, scholars held in high esteem China  Korea  Japan

Christianity Monotheistic Bible Ancient Rome  Europe, Americas Location Type Book Characteristics Impact Jesus Christ is messiah Ten Commandments Monotheistic Bible Church very powerful during Middle ages (owns land) Crusades The Protestant Reformation Spreads through imperialism Latin America Africa (White Man’s Burden) Ancient Rome  Europe, Americas

Islam Monotheistic Koran (Qu’ran) Middle East, North Africa, SE Asia Location Type Book Characteristics Impact Founded by Muhammed (Mecca  Medina) Follow Five Pillars of Faith Hajj Trace roots to Judaism and Christianity Monotheistic Koran (Qu’ran) Crusades Shi’s/ Sunni split Islamic Empire Sharia- laws based on Koran Islamic Fundamentalism- (opposes Westernization and supports traditional Islam) Middle East, North Africa, SE Asia

How are Shintoism and animism similar? Japan Kami-nature spirits Indigenous peoples (native to an area) Both worship spirits in nature