What are Civil Rights? the nonpolitical rights of a citizen; especially : the rights of personal liberty guaranteed to United States citizens by the 13th and 14th amendments to the Constitution and by acts of Congress

Patterns of Discrimination Discrimination is the act of being prejudice against a person because of race, religion, or gender Discrimination existed throughout America In the north, African Americans could not get good jobs In the south, Jim Crow laws enforced strict separation or Segregation of the races Schools, restaurants, and other public places The struggle to overcome discrimination became known as the Civil Rights Movement

Conclusion: What advances were made for equality during the Civil Rights Movement? The US Supreme Court reversed separate but equal and desegregated the schools The federal government worked to enforce civil rights laws The Armed Forces were integrated MLK Jr. began to use peaceful methods to protest against segregation Minorities and women made gains through affirmative action

The American Counter Culture: The Hippie Movement & the Rights of the Handicapped, Native Americans, Women, and Latino’s A culture so different from mainstream…“that it scarcely looks to many as a culture at all, but takes on the alarming appearance of a barbarian intrusion.” - Theodore Roszak, Historian 1960’s

Tune In, Turn On, Drop Out! Hippie Culture Members of the counterculture known as hippies, shared beliefs that American society – and its materialism, technology, and war – had grown hollow. Influenced by nonconformist, hippie embrace the credo ‘Tune in, turn on, drop out!’ Thousands of idealistic youths left school, work, or home to create what they hoped would be a community of peace, love, and harmony. Hippie Culture Marked by rock and roll, outrageous clothing, sex, and illicit drugs. Some coined the drug, LSD, as mind expanding for awareness. Hippies also turned to eastern religions like Buddhism, which stressed enlightenment through meditation. Hippies also rejected traditional home life and joined communes, in which members renounced private property to live communally.

Decline of the Hippie Movement After a few years the peaceful movement turned to violence and disillusionment. “We were together at a level of peace and love. We fell apart over whop would cook and wash dishes and pay bills!” Many fell to drugs, drug addiction, and mental breakdowns. By the later 1960’s, thousands of hippies lined up for welfare and dependency on the very system they wished to reject. Conservatives Attack the Counter Culture Nixon and the FBI attack the “revolutionary Terrorism” A danger to traditional values and could plunge America into Anarchy Nixon moves into the Whitehouse and Conservativism wins

Lasting Impact of the American Counter Culture Although short lived, some aspects of the counterculture – namely, its fine arts and social attitudes-left a more lasting impression. Woodstock – Represents' peace, love and some higher cultural cause.

Society’s View on Women’s Rights in the 1950’s

The Movement for Women’s Rights Kennedy Commission and the Civil Rights Act, 1963-64 – To investigate and review the role of women in the U.S. The commission states that women are entitled to participate equally with men in American society. Education – Title IX – To provide the equal treatment in schools for female staff and students. NOW (1966) to Present – National Organization for Women – Goals of the organization are equal pay for equal work, day-care centers for children of working mothers, the passage of antidiscrimination laws, to increase awareness of male domination of society.

Equal Rights Amendment

Women’s Rights Roe v. Wade (1973) – The Supreme Court ruled that women fundamentally have the right to choose and abortion within the first three months of pregnancy.

Equal Employment Opportunity Equal Employment Opportunity Act (1972) – Requires that employers give equal access for employment opportunities. It also banned discriminatory practices in hiring, firing, promotions and working conditions.