Sushrut S. Waikar, MD, MPH, Gary C. Curhan, MD, ScD, Steven M

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Mortality Associated with Low Serum Sodium Concentration in Maintenance Hemodialysis Sushrut S. Waikar, MD, MPH, Gary C. Curhan, MD, ScD, Steven M. Brunelli, MD, MSCE The American Journal of Medicine Volume 124, Issue 1, Pages 77-84 (January 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.07.029 Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Distribution of observed predialysis serum sodium at baseline (n=1549). The American Journal of Medicine 2011 124, 77-84DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.07.029) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Kaplan-Meier cumulative failure curves. Panel A demonstrates all-cause mortality by quartile of baseline serum sodium concentration. Panel B demonstrates cardiovascular mortality by quartile of baseline serum sodium. Panels C and D demonstrate all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively, based on quartile of serum on time-updated analysis. Quartiles of serum sodium concentration were ≤136, 137-138, 139-141, >141 mEq/L in baseline analyses, and ≤136, 137-139, 140-141, >141 mEq/L in time-updated analyses. The American Journal of Medicine 2011 124, 77-84DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.07.029) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality per 4-mEq/L increment in serum sodium concentration. All models were stratified on clinical center and adjusted for age, sex, race, dialysis vintage, height, estimated dry weight, ultrafiltration, access type (graft, fistula, catheter), congestive heart failure, diabetes, serum albumin, creatinine, phosphate, hematocrit, and dietary intake of sodium, protein, and calories. The baseline models included 2-way cross-product terms with time for serum albumin due to nonproportional hazards. CI=confidence interval. The American Journal of Medicine 2011 124, 77-84DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.07.029) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions