POLYATOMIC IONS FROM NOW ON: know NO CO SO PO ions (–ates and –ites) know NH4+ know –ides: cyanide, hydroxide know chlorine-containing ions

ACIDS compounds which produce hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water common acids: HCl ■ HC2H3O2 H2SO4 ■ H3PO4 HNO3 ■ H2CO3

ACIDS contain an anion (monatomic or polyatomic) with enough H+ cations to produce a neutral compound Cl– needs one H+ = HCl SO42 – needs 2 H+ = H2SO4 NO3– needs one H+ = HNO3

ACIDS acids all have hydrogen as the first element in their formulas the word acid at the end of the name

NAMING BINARY ACIDS HCl start with prefix hydro– change –ide to –ic add word acid at the end hydrochloric acid

NAMING BINARY ACIDS HBr hydrogen bromide hydro– –ide becomes –ic acid hydrobromic acid HI hydroiodic acid

NAMING POLYATOMIC ACIDS HC2H3O2 start with polyatomic name (no prefix hydro–) change –ate to –ic or –ite to –ous add word acid at the end acetic acid

NAMING POLYATOMIC ACIDS HClO2 chlorite –ite becomes –ous acid chlorous acid H3PO4 HNO3 H2SO4 phosphoric nitric sulfuric acid acid acid