If Paul wanted to increase the efficiency of his bicycle, he could

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Presentation transcript:

If Paul wanted to increase the efficiency of his bicycle, he could A) paint his bike a bright colour B) use gloves when he rides C) only ride in first gear D) oil the chain and sprockets

Cliff needs to lift a 500 N ball onto a platform that is 3 m high Cliff needs to lift a 500 N ball onto a platform that is 3 m high. He decides that the best machine to help him is a set of pulleys called a block and tackle. He uses an input force of 100 N on the rope of the pulley, and finds that he has to pull out 18 m of rope to get the ball raised to the height of the platform. How much work does Cliff apply to the pulley system in performing this task? A) 1500 J B) 9000 J C) 1800 J D) 167 J

Hydraulics Hydraulic System: Copy This Down Hydraulics Hydraulic System: Is a system that uses a liquid under pressure to move loads. Before hydraulic systems, construction was done mostly by hand and simple machines.

Pressure Pressure: is a measure of the amount of force in a given area Copy This Down Pressure Pressure: is a measure of the amount of force in a given area EQUATION: p = force area Unit for pressure: Pascal (Pa) or N/cm2

Pascal Blaise Pascal did important research on pressure in fluids. Copy This Down Pascal Blaise Pascal did important research on pressure in fluids. PASCAL’S LAW: The pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally in all directions throughout the liquid.

Copy This Down Pistons In hydraulic systems, pressure is created using a piston. (figure 2.17 page 295) Input piston: applies the force to the liquid, which creates pressure in fluid Output piston: pressure is equally transferred to this piston and causes it to move (P Input= P Output)

Mechanical Advantage of Hydraulic Systems Copy This Down The MA of these systems is large compared to other machines we’ve looked at. Force input is the force applied to input piston. Force output is the force created by the output piston.

Hydraulics Questions

Hydraulic Answers 400 N 100 N 0.08 m2 OR 8 cm2 250 cm2 250 N

Formulas to Know MA= Output force/Input force (MOI) S=Distance/Time (m/s) SR= Input distance/ output distance (SRIO) Efficiency= (Output/ Input)X 100% OR MA/SR (EMS) W= F x D (Nm) P= F/A (Pa or N/cm2)