The coreceptor programmed death 1 inhibits T-cell adhesion by regulating Rap1  Inbar Azoulay-Alfaguter, PhD, Marianne Strazza, PhD, Ariel Pedoeem, BS, Adam Mor, MD, PhD  Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  Volume 135, Issue 2, Pages 564-567.e1 (February 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.055 Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 PD-1 inhibits T-cells adhesion. Jurkat and primary T cells were treated as indicated and adhesion to ICAM-1 (A) and Rap1 activation (B) was measured. Cells expressing the probe for activated Rap1 were treated as indicated and imaged alive (C). D, Jurkat T cells treated as indicated were cocultured with Raji B cells and percentages of transient and stable conjugates were recorded. GTP, Guanosine-5′-triphosphate; SEE, Staphylococcus enterotoxin E. *P < .05. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 564-567.e1DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.055) Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 PD-1 inhibits C3G phosphorylation and Rap1 activation. T cells were treated as indicated and levels of phospho-C3G were measured in Jurkat (A and C) and primary (B) T cells. T cells were treated as indicated and levels of activated Rap1 (D) and adhesion to ICAM-1 (E) were measured. F, Model to explain the effects of PD-1 on T-cell adhesion. GTP, Guanosine-5′-triphosphate; LFA-1, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1. *P < .05. **Not significant. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 564-567.e1DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.055) Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions