THREATS TO WORLD PEACE
Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928-United States and France Makes war “illegal” Eventually 60 nations sign agreement
Japanese Aggressions 1931 Japan invades China’s province of Manchuria League of Nation’s condemns action Japan withdraws from League Japan continues through China By 1939 controls one-fourth of all China including all seaports
Italy’s Aggressions 1934-Ethiopia is in a border dispute-Italy takes advantage and invades 1936-Italy announces Ethiopia is now a part of the Italian Empire League of Nations places economic sanctions on Italy No military action, League has no army no real effect; no major powers willing to enforce (US not member)
Spanish Civil War Political unrest leads to new governments in 1923 and 1931 1931 Second Spanish Republic-many reforms put in place Angers Spanish conservatives-form fascist party “Falange”-uses terrorism 1936 Spanish Civil War Falangists=Nationalists-led by Francisco Franco Spanish Republic-Loyalists=Republicans
Spanish Civil War Germany and Italy send troops to help Fascists Russia, France, Great Britain, and US aid the republic (but not to the extent of Germany/Italy) These anti-fascists were called the International Brigades
Spanish Civil War 1939 Nationalists defeat Loyalists/International Brigades Franco sets up government similar to Mussolini’s Italy Spanish Civil War came to demonstrate larger European conflict between communism and fascism
Vocabulary Kellogg-Briand Pact Falange International Brigades Fascism Communism Francisco Franco