Loss of protection by linagliptin against obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance in MIP-1α−/− mice. Loss of protection by linagliptin against.

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Loss of protection by linagliptin against obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance in MIP-1α−/− mice. Loss of protection by linagliptin against obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance in MIP-1α−/− mice. A: Weight gain of MIP-1α−/− mice on an HF diet with or without linagliptin. B: DPP-4 activities in plasma, eWAT, and liver. C: GTT. D: ITT. E: Plasma insulin levels. F and G: F4/80 immunostaining (left) and quantification of total macrophage counts and percentages of M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages (right) in eWAT (F) and liver (G) by FACS. n = 8. Scale bars: 100 μm. **P < 0.01 vs. HF group. Fen Zhuge et al. Diabetes 2016;65:2966-2979 ©2016 by American Diabetes Association