Christina R. Cahill, Justin M. Leach, Leslie A

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Sickle cell trait and risk of cognitive impairment in African-Americans: The REGARDS cohort Christina R. Cahill, Justin M. Leach, Leslie A. McClure, Marguerite Ryan Irvin, Neil A. Zakai, Rakhi Naik, Frederick Unverzagt, Virginia G. Wadley, Hyacinth I. Hyacinth, Jennifer Manly, Suzanne E. Judd, Cheryl Winkler, Mary Cushman EClinicalMedicine Volume 11, Pages 27-33 (May 2019) DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.05.003 Copyright © 2019 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Flow diagram of participant inclusion. EClinicalMedicine 2019 11, 27-33DOI: (10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.05.003) Copyright © 2019 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Sickle cell trait and longitudinal change in Word List Learning (WLL) and Delayed Recall (WLR). Blue lines represent those with sickle cell trait and black lines those without sickle cell trait. Models were adjusted for age, sex, education, income, region, eGFR, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, alcohol use, smoking status, exercise frequency, coronary heart disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation, hyperlipidaemia, statin use, and hypertension. Note, y axis starts with a score of 5 words for ease of displaying the data. Numbers below the figure show the sample sizes. Baseline SD of Scores: WLL (SCT) = 5.0; WLL (No SCT) = 5.0; WLR (SCT) = 2.3; WLR (No SCT) = 2.2. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.) EClinicalMedicine 2019 11, 27-33DOI: (10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.05.003) Copyright © 2019 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Sickle cell trait and longitudinal change in semantic fluency (Animal Fluency Test) and phonemic fluency (Letter F Test). Blue lines represent those with sickle cell trait and black lines those without sickle cell trait. Models were adjusted for age, sex, education, income, region, eGFR, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, alcohol use, smoking status, exercise, coronary heart disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation, hyperlipidaemia, statin use, and hypertension. Note, y axis starts with a score of 5 words for ease of displaying the data. Numbers below the figure show the sample sizes. Baseline SD of Scores: Animal Fluency Test (SCT) = 5.3; Animal Fluency Test (No SCT) = 5.2; Letter F (SCT) = 4.6; Letter F (No SCT) = 4.8. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.) EClinicalMedicine 2019 11, 27-33DOI: (10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.05.003) Copyright © 2019 Terms and Conditions