Foreign Aid in the American Revolution

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Presentation transcript:

Foreign Aid in the American Revolution

Countries France Spain Dutch

Motivation for Assisting France and Spain Seven Years' War  Great Britain was the most powerful country in the world  French and Spanish territorial losses  France and Spain relation  Family Compact, Treaty of Paris, 1761 Dutch Falling Status Trade

France Continental Congress sends diplomats Hesitant at first Silas Deane, Benjamin Franklin, Arthur Lee Hesitant at first Secretly sends supplies Roderigue Hortalez and Company, 1775 Volunteer Military Officers Lack of initial success  Battle of Saratoga 

France Treaty of Alliance (February 1778) Formal Alliance  Neither country would sign a peace treaty or truce with Great Britain   Would not stop fighting until American independence was assured Treaty of Amity and Commerce (February 1778) Commercial Treaty  Defied British Navigation Acts  Secret Agreement Allowed other countries to join the alliance

France Contributions to War Siege of Yorktown Continued supplying army Troops  Navy Siege of Yorktown Chesapeake Bay, 1781 French Navy prevented British retreat

Spain Did not want to be dragged into the war Secretly provided supplies John Jay  Roderique Hortalez and Company Diverted Agenda Gibraltar, Minorca, and Florida Invading England

Spain Treaty of Aranjuez (April 1779) Military Operations Spain aids France in war against Great Britain  France aids Spain in recapture of Gibraltar, Minorca, and Florida Military Operations Louisiana Southern Front

Dutch First European power to officially recognize the     American colonies as a nation St. Eustatius  Island in the West Indies  Neutral trading port  French, Spanish, and Dutch access to America War with Great Britain Loans  4 large loans (1782-1788) Avoided bankruptcy