Gene expression of epigenetic modulators, HDAC1 and Dnmt1, and the histone acetylation modification patterns by the prenatal/maternal BSp dietary treatment. Gene expression of epigenetic modulators, HDAC1 and Dnmt1, and the histone acetylation modification patterns by the prenatal/maternal BSp dietary treatment. A, Transcription levels of HDAC1 and Dnmt1 in the prenatal/maternal BSp diet–treated SV40 mouse offspring breast tumors by qRT-PCR. B, HDAC enzymatic activity. Nuclear proteins from breast tumor tissues were extracted and the HDAC activity assay was performed according to the manufacturer's protocols. The values of enzymatic activities of HDACs were the means of three independent experiments. C, Global acetyl histone H3K9 quantification. D, Global acetyl histone H3K14 quantification. Total histone protein was extracted and the global histone H3K9 and H3K14 acetylation levels were detected according to the manufacturer's protocol. Data were in triplicate from three randomly selected mouse breast tumors from each treatment group. Columns, mean; bars, SD; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01, significantly different from control. Yuanyuan Li et al. Cancer Prev Res 2018;11:451-464 ©2018 by American Association for Cancer Research