Schematic representation of the natural history of obesity.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Diabetes.
Advertisements

Every 10 seconds one person dies of diabetes
Framework for understanding obesity in children and youth.
A: Percentage of type 1 diabetic and type 2 diabetic patients with asymptomatic hypoglycemias detected by the CGMS. B: Daily distribution of asymptomatic.
Estimated Number of Cancer Cases (in Thousands) Attributable to Excess Body Mass
PWD who regularly or occasionally engaged in activities to manage their diabetes. PWD who regularly or occasionally engaged in activities to manage their.
Engagement in recommended behaviors to prevent type 2 Diabetes (n=82)
Gender differences in diabetes prevalence in 2009 in the general Portuguese population patients and in patients with CAP. Diabetes prevalence is higher.
A schematic representation of the effects of early intensive glycemic control in preventing initial microvascular complications and then macrovascular.
Flow sheet over the primary study population as well as comparative individuals of “pre-diabetic” individuals followed from HUNT2 to HUNT3 (GAD, glutamic.
by William Hamilton, Deborah J Sharp, Tim J Peters, and Alison P Round
Changes in weight and body mass index (BMI) associated with quality improvement. Changes in weight and body mass index (BMI) associated with quality improvement.
Age-standardized probability of finding undiagnosed diabetes among the US population without diagnosed diabetes aged ≥18 years by survey cycle. Age-standardized.
Comparison of prevalence of diabetes mellitus in relation to quartile of serum selenium levels. Comparison of prevalence of diabetes mellitus in relation.
Change in (A) total cholesterol; (B) LDL-cholesterol; (C) HDL-cholesterol and (D) triglycerides over 5 years in response to 12-week intensive lifestyle.
Change in %A1C over 5 years in response to 12-week intensive lifestyle intervention used in a real-world clinical practice. Change in %A1C over 5 years.
Change in (A) systolic blood pressure and (B) diastolic blood pressure over 5 years in response to 12-week intensive lifestyle intervention in a real-world.
The rates of occurrences of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and all events expressed in cases per 1, 000 patient-years in diabetic subgroups divided by.
Relationship between selected metabolic parameters and the primary composite end point. Relationship between selected metabolic parameters and the primary.
Trends in prevalence of diabetes in middle-aged women grouped according to BMI at the first survey of the ALSWH. ▪, healthy (n = 5,252); ♦, overweight.
Schematic representation of an MR analysis.
Predicted percentage of home discharge by diabetes group adjusting for all variables listed in the age-centered logistic regression model with examination.
Age-adjusted OR (A) and multivariate-adjusted OR (B) and 95% CI for the presence of retinopathy and albuminuria by quintiles of WBC count in 3,776 patients.
An algorithm depicting the basic approach to the Charcot foot
The natural history of pain in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis
The incidence of insulin-treated type 1 diabetes in the first 35 years of life. The incidence of insulin-treated type 1 diabetes in the first 35 years.
Prevalence of high SAT or high VAT by BMI category in women (A) and men (B) and by waist circumference category in women (C) and men (D). Prevalence of.
Current insulin dose (units/kg/day) during the DCCT/EDIC study by sex (black line for females) (A), DCCT intensive vs. conventional treatment group (black.
Forefoot peak plantar pressure in diabetic patients without and with mild, moderate, and severe peripheral neuropathy. *Severe and moderate neuropathy.
Comparison of women carrying a male fetus and those carrying a female fetus, with respect to mean adjusted blood glucose levels during the OGTT (A), mean.
Loss of protection by linagliptin against obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance in MIP-1α−/− mice. Loss of protection by linagliptin against.
Pooled risk with 95% CI of ACM (A) and CVD risk (B) for the highest vs
Kaplan-Meier estimation of diabetes-related survival curves in patients grouped according to increased 24-h proteinuria (A), the presence of preexisting.
Insulin sensitivity in athletes and sedentary normal-weight and obese, young, and old individuals. Insulin sensitivity in athletes and sedentary normal-weight.
Two-year changes in albumin-to-creatinine ratio across microalbuminuria at baseline. Two-year changes in albumin-to-creatinine ratio across microalbuminuria.
Selection of DFU patients and non-DFU controls
Total plasma BCAA (A) and C3 and C5 acylcarnitine (AC) (B) concentrations in the basal state and during insulin infusion in obese subjects before and after.
Effect of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and obesity on the relation of glycemic measures to Si and AIR. In linear regression models with Si as the dependent.
Association of ISI with all-cause mortality as modeled by cubic spline, adjusted for age, sex, race, and study site, among 3,138 participants in the CHS.
Percentage of weight loss over 5 years in response to 12-week intensive lifestyle intervention in a real-world clinical practice. Percentage of weight.
Forest plot and pooled estimates of the effect of NAFLD on the risk of incident diabetes in 16 eligible studies, stratified by length of follow-up (FU)
ORs for presence of the metabolic syndrome (95% CI) at age 43 years according to leisure-time physical activity and TV viewing (adjusted for sex, socioeconomic.
Relationship between changes in mean fat cell volume and insulin sensitivity (M values) after gastric bypass of obese women. Relationship between changes.
Adjusted ORs for pregravid, antepartum, and postpartum factors as predictors of likelihood that a woman will gain weight between 3 and 12 months postpartum.
A total of 173 individuals were positive for GADA, and 16 of these were positive for a second antibody (11 were IA-2A positive, and 6 were ZnT8A positive).
Mean adjusted levels in each group for the following cardiometabolic risk factors at 3 and 12 months postpartum: (A) systolic blood pressure, (B) diastolic.
Glycemic control and body weight over 52 weeks.
Trends in mortality by age-groups and select CVDs among adults with diabetes. Trends in mortality by age-groups and select CVDs among adults with diabetes.
Adjusted HRs for type 2 diabetes by ferritin, TSAT, serum iron and transferrin levels in men and women. Adjusted HRs for type 2 diabetes by ferritin, TSAT,
HRs for type 2 diabetes by category of age at menarche in the EPIC-InterAct study. HRs for type 2 diabetes by category of age at menarche in the EPIC-InterAct.
Pooled analysis of association between (nonexclusive) breast-feeding and childhood-onset type 1 diabetes in studies investigating ∼2 weeks (nonexclusive)
Clinical responses to therapy from baseline to week 24 and end point with last observation carried forward (LOCF). Clinical responses to therapy from baseline.
Risk of type 2 diabetes as a function of ABCA1 and ABCG1 genotype in CCHS. Hazard ratios were multifactorially adjusted for age, sex, BMI, hypertension,
A: Typical course of a normal sympathetic vasomotor response as recorded by continuous wave Doppler sonography. A: Typical course of a normal sympathetic.
Schematic representation of the control of muscle glucose uptake during exercise. Schematic representation of the control of muscle glucose uptake during.
Doses of trial medication in the liraglutide groups (A) and in the placebo groups (B). Doses of trial medication in the liraglutide groups (A) and in the.
A: Probability of retinopathy-free survival.
A1C at baseline, 16 weeks, and 32 weeks according to study group in all participants (A), adult participants (B), and adolescent participants (C) who returned.
Effects of PCSK7 rs genotype and CHO diets on changes and reversion in fasting insulin levels and HOMA-IR during the 2-year intervention in white.
Differences in the values of HbA1c variables between the retinopathy-positive and retinopathy-negative groups at year 20. Differences in the values of.
Manhattan plot of 11,628 m/z features comparing participants who developed incident T2D versus those who did not. Manhattan plot of 11,628 m/z features.
WM volume did not show the expected increase in volume with age in children with type 1 diabetes (●), in contrast with HC subjects (▲) who showed the (expected)
Schematic depiction of three stages of the natural history of T2D, noting several opportunities for improvement of management. Schematic depiction of three.
Time course of daily basal and mealtime insulin dose (A), glycated hemoglobin (B), laboratory-measured clinic FPG (C), prebreakfast SMPG (D), SMPG profiles.
Change in first-phase insulin response (A) and pancreas triglyceride content (B) in responders and nonresponders at baseline (hatched bars), after VLCD.
The ADA research program supports research across the broad spectrum of diabetes types and research topic areas (proportions of 2011 allocations in dollars).
Cumulative distributions of A1C and fasting plasma glucose values for the U.S. population aged ≥12 years without diabetes for each survey cycle: 1999–2000,
Hepatic triglyceride content (A), hepatic insulin resistance index (B), and hepatic VLDL1-triglyceride production (C) in responders and nonresponders at.
Cumulative mean numbers of confirmed (plasma glucose ≤3
Two to 20 years: female patients, continued.
Presentation transcript:

Schematic representation of the natural history of obesity. Schematic representation of the natural history of obesity. Primary (excess) weight gain occurs usually over years against the typical background of mild age-related increase in weight in the general population. Intentional weight loss frequently is at least partially successful, but in the vast majority of cases, is followed by weight regain. Weight loss and its maintenance is the therapeutic goal; prevention of primary weight gain is a societal endeavor. Robert H. Eckel et al. Dia Care 2011;34:1424-1430 ©2011 by American Diabetes Association