Robotic skeletonizing of the internal thoracic artery: is it safe? Gil Bolotin, MD, PhD, Walter W Scott, MD, Trevor C Austin, Patrick J Charland, Alan P Kypson, MD, L.Wiley Nifong, MD, Kenneth Salleng, DVM, W.Randolph Chitwood, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 77, Issue 4, Pages 1262-1265 (April 2004) DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.09.074
Fig 1 Flow in the internal thoracic artery during the harvesting procedure and at the end of it as measured by transonic flow probe. ♦ = pediculated; ■ = skeletonized. (pre = preoperative.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 77, 1262-1265DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.09.074)
Fig 2 Histology cross sections (×20 magnification) of (A) a pediculed internal thoracic artery and (B) a skeletonized internal thoracic artery. (a = tunica media, b = tunica adventitia; L = arterial lumen.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 77, 1262-1265DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.09.074)