(A) Mean maximum single-jaw forces (± s.d.), by species. (A) Mean maximum single-jaw forces (± s.d.), by species. Species arranged from lowest mean mass to largest, left to right Modeling force as a product of jaw length, jaw mass and maximum acceleration (see Eqn. 2) reveals significant differences in force production (one-way ANOVA, P<0.001). (B) Comparison of species means (squares) to model predictions from phylogenetic comparative model (line), with quantitative x-axis. Joseph C. Spagna et al. J Exp Biol 2008;211:2358-2368 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2008