DO NOW Pick up three handouts – one is your notes.

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Presentation transcript:

DO NOW Pick up three handouts – one is your notes. Turn in your homework handout.

CLASSES OF MATTER HOMOGENEOUS Matter can be classified as heterogeneous or homogenous. HOMOGENEOUS All parts of the substance are identical. This includes elements, compounds, and solutions. HETEROGENEOUS All parts of the substance are NOT identical. This includes mixtures.

MATTER Homogeneous Pure Substances Elements Compounds Solutions Heterogeneous Mixtures

Heterogeneous

ELEMENT the simplest pure substance. cannot be changed into anything simpler through heat or a chemical reaction. consist of all the same atoms (the building blocks of matter). all parts are identical. Examples: iron (Fe), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg)

COMPOUND made up of more than one element; any combination of two or more different kinds of elements. The elements are chemically combined. Can be broken down by heating or chemical reaction. The properties of compounds are different from those of the elements that make them up. All parts are identical. There are a fixed number of components in compounds. Examples: water, salt, sugar, and DNA.

SOLUTIONS AND MIXTURES There are three important properties of mixtures and solutions: May change physical appearance The parts that make it up can be present in any amount - the parts are not in fixed amounts. Can be separated by simple physical means using methods based on physical properties. Separation can occur by filtration, distillation, crystallization, or chromatography.

SEPARATION TECHNIQUES Filtration - Using a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid in a heterogeneous mixture. Distillation - A way to separate homogeneous mixtures. Based on differences in boiling points of the substances involved. Boil off the lowest BP liquid first, etc. Crystallization - The formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance. Chromatography - Separates the components of a mixture on the basis of the tendency of each to travel across the surface of another material.

PRACTICE Describe a method that could be used to separate each of the following mixtures: a. iron filings and sand c. the components of ink b. sand and salt d. helium and oxygen gases

SOLUTIONS AND MIXTURES two or more substances mixed together. is physically combined, but not chemically combined. Each substance in a solution keeps its own separate identity and most of its own properties. All parts are identical. Parts cannot be separated by filtration. Examples: sea water, air, coffee, brass MIXTURE two or more substances mixed together. is physically combined, but not chemically combined. Each substance in a mixture keeps its own separate identity and most of its own properties. All parts are NOT identical. Can be separated by filtration. Examples: soil, raisin bran cereal, pizza

HOMEWORK The Visual Organizer and A Classification Scheme are due Wednesday.