Chemical Bonds

IONIC BOND formed between two ions by the transfer of electrons

Ionic Bond Between atoms of metals and nonmetals Form good conductors with high melting points.

COVALENT BOND bond formed by the sharing of electrons

Covalent Bond Between two nonmetallic elements of similar electronegativity. Low Melting Point Poor Conductor

2. Covalent bonds- Two atoms share one or more pairs of outer-shell electrons. Oxygen Atom Oxygen Atom Oxygen Molecule (O2)

METALLIC BOND bond found in metals; sharing electrons freely holds metal atoms together very strongly

Metallic Bond Formed between atoms of metallic elements Electron cloud around atoms Good conductors, lustrous, very high melting points

Ionic Bonding Naming 1 )Metals(or the cation) go first and do not change their name when they become an ion 2) Non-metals(or the anion) go second and lose their ending and gain –ide 3) Write the atoms as ions with their charge 4) Cross them over to the bottom of the opposite atom. (Simplify if you can)

Ionic Bonding Sodium  Na Bromine  Br Sodium Bromide  Na+1 + Br-1  NaBr Magnesium  Mg Chlorine  Cl Magnesium Chloride Mg +2 + Cl-1 MgCl2

Ionic Bonding Calcium  Ca Oxygen  O Calcium Oxide  Ca+2 + O-2  CaO Why? Calcium Nitride  Cesium Fluoride  Barium Iodide 

Ionic Bonding with Transition Metals Transition metals will tell you what their oxidation state is with roman numerals Chromium (II)  Cr +2 Iron (III)  Fe +3 Lead (IV)  Pb +4 The only exceptions are Silver (+1), Zinc (+2), and Aluminum (+3)

Ionic Bonding with Transition Metals Chromium (II) ChlorideCr+2 + Cl-1 CrCl2 Iron (III) Oxide  Lead (IV) Oxide  Zinc Nitride  Silver Bromide  Osmium (VI) Sulfide 

Ionic Bonding with Polyatomic Ions Treat the polyatomic ion as one atom and bond like normal. Leave everything in the polyatomic ion as it started. Calcium Nitrate  Ca+2 + NO3-1  Ca(NO3)2 The parenthesis tell you that there are 2 nitrates.

Ionic Bonding with Polyatomic ions Sodium SulfateNa+1 + SO4-2Na2SO4 Calcium bromate Strontium nitrite Aluminum acetate Zinc Carbonate

Summarize what you learned What are the 3 types of bonds and what makes them different from one another? What part of the atom is involved in bonding? Summarize in your own words.