BELL WORK

Exploration & Colonization of North America

Exploration Explorers came to New World looking for Gold Glory God Science, Reformation & Renaissance Made it possible

b. The top 3 countries at this time were: Spain France England

Exploration of SC Spain, France, & England tried to claim SC as a colony. Fr. & Sp. did not stay – NOT permanent Spain founded San Miguel de Gualdape (Georgetown) in 1526. Had some slaves Cold weather & disease led to abandonment Hernando De Soto explored the upcountry of SC

B. Spain cont. C. Tried again and founded San Felipe AKA Santa Elana where the French had in Beaufort Lasted 10 years Attacks from NAs forced them to go back to St Augustine, FL

Spainish Settlements - The Spanish set up encomiendas on which native peoples worked. - Disease and overwork killed NA so Sp. brought African slaves to work

Exploration of SC Cont. D. The French founded the settlement of Charlesfort in 1560’s Beaufort in Port Royal Abandoned it

French Colonization French wanted the Northwest passage and started Montreal & Quebec. good relations with natives due to trade in furs.

IV. English Colonization permanent settlements on eastern coast named Virginia and New England. The English brought their language, Protestant religion, and self-government to the New World.

Exploration of SC England created the 1st permanent settlement in SC. Charles Towne was founded in 1670.

Government San Miguel de Gualdape Charlesfort San Felipe Copy this onto a sheet of paper , complete, & turn in Pink basket San Miguel de Gualdape Charlesfort San Felipe Origin of Settlers (where are they from/who is the explorer and settlers) Type of Settlement (is it a fort or plantation) Location (what kind of environment is it located in and how does that affect the settlement) Government (who governs the settlement/what kind of system is it) Outcome (what happened to the settlement and what events caused this to happen)

V. Jamestown 1st permanent English colony in the New World in 1607 by the London Company. starvation and death until the cultivation of tobacco. The House of Burgesses was created in 1619 - help govern the colony.

“So lamentable was our scarcity that we were constrained to eat dogs, cats, rats, snakes, toadstools, horsehides, and what not. One man out of the misery he endured, killing his wife, powdered her up to eat her, for which he was burned. Many besides fed on the corpses of dead men, and one who had gotten insatiable out of custom to that food could not be restrained until such time as he was executed for it.” Journals of the Virginia House of Burgesses, 1624, on life in Virginia during the Starving Times

House of Burgesses was not completely democratic. followed the English traditions since the Magna Carta.

The headright system brought many settlers and created: Large tobacco plantations. More indentured servants & then African slaves. Conflict with the natives. Jamestown grew into the colony of Virginia. Other southern colonies copied Jamestown

Jamestown Success Tobacco Tobacco grew well in Virginia and soon colonists were able to export tobacco to England successfully

Southern Colonies Rich land, plenty of rain & a long growing season. Coastal plains, swamps, forests, harbors.

Types of Colonies Royal – King is directly in charge of colony. He makes the laws and gets all the profit Proprietary – King appoints a person or a group of people to run a colony in exchange for part of the profit Self-governing – The people of the colony make their own laws and keep their profit

New England Colonies These colonies were Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, & Rhode Island. They were started to have religious freedom. Puritans, known as the Pilgrims, landed at Plymouth in 1620.

Pilgrims signed the Mayflower Compact. A document that stated that the people can form the government. They struggled just like Jamestown. Received help from natives, like Jamestown, and learned to grow corn.

They harvested lumber, built ships, and trading. They started schools so kids could learn to read the Bible. They established religious conformity. Dissenters (those who disagreed with the Church) were exiled and started other colonies.

By the 1630s, more Puritans moved to Massachusetts Bay Colony. Started democratic government with town meetings & general assembly. All male church members could vote.

Middle Colonies New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, & Maryland. Dutch - New York Swedish - Delaware English Quaker - Pennsylvania It was founded to make money & used its harbors and fertile land.

Middle Colonies “Bread Basket” colonies because they produce the food, especially wheat, that the other colonies would buy and eat. Longer growing seasons and good soil meant there were many large farms

VIII. Southern Colonies Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia Rich, fertile land and long growing season Large cash crop plantations with slave labor

Mnemonic Devices As a class we will create mnemoic devices to help remember the colonies. Example: New England Must Never Clean Roadkill (Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island)

The Original 13 Colonies North Carolina South Carolina New Jersey New York Pennsylvania Georgia Virginia Massachusetts New Hampshire Maryland Connecticut Rhode Island Delaware

Middle Colonies Maryland Delaware New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Southern Colonies Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia