States of Matter Chapter 3 Section 1

Solids Solids have a definite shape and volume Particles in a solid are closely packed together.

Types of Solids 1. Crystalline Solids Particles form regular, repeating patterns. Melt at specific temperature For example: Salt & Sugar & Ice 2. Amorphous Solids Particles are not arranged in repeated pattern Do not melt at specific temperature For example: Rubber, Plastics, Glass

Liquids Liquids have a definite volume, but no specific shape. Particles are packed closely, but they are free to move around and collide with each other. Fluid: Substance that flows. Do liquids have a shape of their own? What shape do liquids take? Why doesn’t a liquid have a definite shape? How do the motions of the particles in ice and water differ?

Can you think of some examples? Properties of Liquids 1. Surface Tension The molecules of a liquids are attracted to and pull towards each other. Can you think of some examples? 2. Viscosity Liquids resistance to flowing –depends on size, shape and attraction between particles. High Viscosity = Slow Flow Low Viscosity = Fast Flow

Surface Tension!

Gases No specific shape OR volume Particles flow freely and either spread out or squeeze together depending on the container Constantly moving and colliding in all directions Why don’t gases have a specific shape or volume? Draw a diagram of gas molecules in a closed container. Then, draw a diagram of what happens if the container is opened.