What is “Control System” or “Framework”? General purpose of control system need to control a lot of equipment from remote

What is “Control System” or “Framework”? We need a “Network” to connect instruments and controller

Small system In case the number of target instruments are limited, simple program can do everything. This is true for small laboratory.

Control Framework We need a control framework in case many instruments, programs, developers, operators, .... Tight communication and organic linkage between components are required.

If we want to add a “New” instument Need same “Language” and “Communication Protocol” with existing environment.

In reality Commercial product does not support EPICS or Tango frame-work in many cases. We need to develop support them.

IOC (Input/Output Controller) manage hardware In case of EPICS IOC (Input/Output Controller) manage hardware IOC: VME, PC, PLC, software, etc... Need special code depends on each device CPU IOC PC PLC VME, cPCI CAMAC, etc DIO DIO DAC ADC RS232C GPIB, etc Field Busses Device Device Target Device Device Device Device

EPICS : Communication Need to communicate with standard protocol between presentation layer and IOC layer. Presentation Layer : Server process, Archiver, GUI, etc Independent from each device Operator Console Presentation Server Archive Operator Console Operator Console Network CPU IOC PC PLC VME, cPCI CAMAC, etc DIO DIO DAC ADC RS232C GPIB, etc Field Bus Device Device Target Dev. Device Device Device Device

EPICS : Communication Protocol Channel Access protocol (PV, Process Variable)のやりとりをする Network transparent. Distributed system. CA protocol is used between IOCs Operator Console Presentation Server Archiver Operator Console Operator Console CA Ethernet CA CPU IOC PC PLC VME, cPCI CAMAC, etc DIO DIO DAC ADC RS232C GPIB, etc Field Busses Device Device Target Dev. Device Device Device Device

When you buy an instrument on the market If the device has an embedded ioc, we have nothing to do! CA EPICS IOC embedded Device Ethernet Just power on, plug to the network, and the instruments speak/listen CA protocol In reality, very few instuments understand EPICS or Tango. Accelerator research is very small field on the market.

for example : RS232C device Media converter (RS232C  Ethernet) are often used Need to put media converter near to the device Distance between IOC and Device can be very long CA Socket IOC Media Converter Device Ethernet Ethernet USB RS232, RS422, RS485, etc Socket protocol are used between IOC and M.C. “Steam Device”

Example commercial product Serial-Ethernet Converter (Media Converter) RS232 M.C. Device Socket RS485 PC/IOC M.C. Device Device Device Device M.C. Device Ethernet Device Many company produces similar product. So many variety of the price and functionality. 2, 4, 8, 16 port, etc. Photo from http://japan.moxa.com/

EPICS + Media Converter soft IOC on the server computer. IOC is a kind of “Protocol Converter” Logical Description Physical Description Linux Server CA Client Software IOC Socket I/O Stream Device DB Access Channel Access IOC Database CA Ethernet Socket I/O Stream Device DB Access Channel Access IOC Database IOC CA Client Socket CA Ethernet Socket Ethernet Serial-Ether Conv. Serial-Ether Conv. RS232C Device RS232C Device

Disadvantage of the media converter Tend to increase network traffic You need to mange a session between IOC and media converter. For example: Initialize Socket protocol, reconnect, etc You don’t need to care for CA protocol. (already defined) Linux Server Software IOC Socket I/O Stream Device DB Access Channel Access IOC Database CA Client Socket CA Session Management Ethernet (depends on the device) Traffic Serial-Ether変換 not a problem for slow serial. RS232C Device

not an ideal solution, but better than media converter We want a “small” device server attached to the device CA Device Server Device Ethernet USB RS232, etc

Comparison of configuration CA Client EPICS IOC embedded Device A) Ethernet CA Client IOC Device Server Device B) Ethernet USB RS232, etc CA Socket Client IOC Media Converter Device C) Ethernet Ethernet USB RS232, etc CA Socket Client IOC Device D) Ethernet Ethernet

wait... Is there any differences between Linux PC and Device Server? Basically no difference Price, Size, Power consumption, TCO (Total cost of ownership), etc Hardware support for long time Consider these requirement to select the base hardware CA CA Ethernet Ethernet Linux PC Device Server RS232, USB, PCI board etc RS232, USB, etc Device Device Device Device Device Device

Candidates Credit-Card size board Arduino BeagleBone Black Raspberry Pi (model B) Raspberry Pi (model B+)

Candidates (1) [RasPi 3 is not listed in this table] BeagleBone Black(Rev.C) Raspberry Pi (ModelB) Arduino Uno CPU TI AM3359 (ARM Cortex-A8) Broadcom BCM2835 (ARM11) Atmel ATMega 328 Speed 1 GHz 700 MHz 16 MHz RAM 512MB DDR3L@400MHz 512MB SDRAM@400MHz 2 KB Storage Onboard eMMC 4GB microSD slot 32 KB Flash I/O(GPIO) 65 8 20 ADC 7 n/a Ethernet 10/100 x1 OS Debian(default) Angstrome Linux Fedora etc Raspbian(Debian) Pidora(Fedora) ARCH linux etc Size [mm] 86.4 x 53.3 85.6 x 54 75 x 53.3 Price \ 6,500 \ 3,940 \ 3,024