Fig. 3 Performance of solar-vapor generation.

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Presentation transcript:

Fig. 3 Performance of solar-vapor generation. Performance of solar-vapor generation. (A) Evaporation rates and energy conversion efficiencies of WHS for DI water, 10 wt % brine, and 30 wt % wastewater. (B) Ion concentrations before and after water purification. Seawater (collected from the Bohai Sea, China, with an average salinity of ∼1 wt %) and wasterwater (with heavy metal ions, Ni2+ and Cd2+) were used as water sources. The dashed blue lines and dashed violet lines show the WHO standard of ion concentrations for drinking water and standard for discharge, respectively. (C) Mass changes and evaporation rates of the WHS and a conventional solar absorber over 8 hours. Brine (10 wt %) was used as the water source. The evaporation rates out of pure water are also listed at 0 hours for comparison. (D) Photographs of the WHS and a conventional solar absorber over time when treating brine with 10 wt % salinity initially. (E) Outdoor solar evaporation performance of the WHS and a conventional solar absorber over 18 days when treating brine with 10 wt % salinity (photo credit: Ning Xu, Nanjing University). Ning Xu et al. Sci Adv 2019;5:eaaw7013 Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).