Capital Region Development of Korea April 2013

Capital Region of Korea. Administrative districts of South Korea Capital Region

Growth of the Capital Region - After the War Korean War left the country with no industry and a small domestic market Korean government’s highest priority - stimulate economic development 1950’s Today

Growth of the Capital Region - Strategy Government spearhead Unbalanced Growth Strategy in capital region Seoul as an economic growth pole for the nation Economies of Agglomeration, Economies of Scale, Trickle-down effects < The Capital Region Concentration >

(In accordance with Central Government’s Strategy) Capital Regional Planning Framework Category Role & planning Gov’t Entity Central Government Create National Plan & Strategy Allocate Fiscal Budgets for Local Gov’t Capital Region Planning Act (1982) 3rd Capital Region Plan (2006-2020) Capital City Region Economic Development Plan (2008-2013) Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) Local Government (In accordance with Central Government’s Strategy) Metropolitan City Region Planning Urban General Planning Metropolitan Transport Association (2005) Capital Region development Committee (2009)

Changes in Capital Regional Planning Period Government Policy Results 1960- 1970s Economies of Agglomeration Seoul as Growth Pole Unbalanced Growth Strategy Rapid growth in the short term Rapid Urbanization of Seoul Limitations- increasing congestion cost 1980-1990s Regulation on Capital Region to control overpopulation Decentralization Weakened the competitiveness in capital region but failed in controlling the concentration in capital region Increasing demand in coordination on Metropolitan Strategy 2000s Public Sector Relocation for population decentralization of the Capital Deregulation on Capital Region in global perspective Expecting creation of self sustainable cities Expecting increasing competitive in Global Marketplace

Capital Region Development & Concentration and its Implications to emerging Cities Limitations of Economies of Agglomeration and Unbalance Growth Strategy Implementation, Decision Cost & Time Cost, Flexibility and Adaptability Role of the Central Government as a coordinator and last resort

Korean Partners Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS) Seoul Metropolitan City City of Incheon Kyunggi province