Chemistry – Apr 2, 2019 P3 Challenge –

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Presentation transcript:

Chemistry – Apr 2, 2019 P3 Challenge – Determine the number and kinds atoms for the chemical formula Al2(SO4)3 Today’s Objective – Moles and particles Agenda The mole Formula mass and molar mass Mole-numbers conversions Gram – mole conversions Mole –volume conversions Assignment: Mole Conversion Worksheet

The mole concept - Review The mole allows us to connect the macroscopic and atomic scales. We define 1 mole as the number of C-12 atoms in 12 g. Just like we defined 1 atomic mass unit = 1/12 of a C-12 atom By definition, 1 mole of 1 amu = 1 g A mole is a unit like dozen or ream. A mole simply counts some number of items. So…how many is a mole? Avogadro’s number = 6.022 x 1023 . There are 6.022 x 1023 items in one mole of anything.

One mole looks like… One mole of water (18 mL) One mole of carbon (12 g) One mole of sugar (342 g) One mole of salt (58 g) One mole of copper (64 g) One mole of any gas = 22.4 L

Molar Mass The mass of a mole of atoms or molecules is called its molar mass. Because 1 mole of 1 amu = 1 g Molar mass in grams = formula mass in amu. Already know how to find formula mass (add up average atomic mass for each atom in a chemical formula). Simply change unit to grams to find the molar mass. Find the molar mass of Al2O3 Al2(SO4)3

Number – Mole conversions For any given substance, there is an equivalence between the number of items and 1 mole of the substance: 1 mole of X = 6.022 x 1023 of X From this two conversion factors can be written: Ex: How many Cu atoms are there in 1.35 mol Cu? Ex: How many CO2 molecules are there in 0.375 mol CO2? Ex: 7.05 x 1035 Au atoms makes how many moles of Au?

Gram – Mole conversions For any given substance, there is an equivalence between its molar mass and 1 mole of the substance: 1 mole of X = (molar mass of X) grams From this two conversion factors can be written: Ex: What is the mass of 3.50 mol of NaCl? Ex: How many moles of Al(OH)3 are in a 75.8 g sample?

Mole – volume conversions For any gas, the volume occupied by one mole is 22.4 L at STP 1 mole of gas = 22.4 L From this two conversion factors can be written: Ex: What is the volume of 3.50 mol of O2 at STP? Ex: How many moles of He are in a 647 L balloon at STP?

Mixed practice and Multistep How many moles of NaOH are present in 5.68 g of NaOH? How many carbon atoms are there in a 2.35 g diamond? What is the mass of 3.50 moles of ethanol, C2H5OH? What is the mass of 1.45 x 1028 atoms of Cu? What is the volume of 50.0 g of oxygen gas at STP?

Exit Slip - Homework Exit Slip: How many aluminum atoms are in a 2.15 g sample of aluminum foil? What’s Due? (Pending assignments to complete.) Mole Conversion worksheet What’s Next? (How to prepare for the next day) Read p100-102, p224-232, 241 p246-247