Representative tracings of transcutaneous CO2 (PtcCO2), Spo2, and heart rate during an apnea test designed to raise Paco2 to 100 mm Hg. At baseline, PtcCO2.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Effect of nasal positive expiratory pressure (PEP) on 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance and pre- to post-exercise increase in lung volumes in each individual.
Advertisements

Oscillation volumes (Vosc; white box) and transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure (Ptc,CO2; grey box) levels before, during and after a 5-cmH2O increase.
The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.
Trigger pressure-time product (PTP) with zero pressure support, with no leak, medium leak, and large leak. Trigger pressure-time product (PTP) with zero.
Spearman rank correlation between absolute humidity and the patient's core temperature with the Humid-Heat device. Spearman rank correlation between absolute.
Schematic illustration of upper airway anatomical dead space volume (VD) during unidirectional breathing. Schematic illustration of upper airway anatomical.
Matrix used to calculate the kappa statistic.
Trigger delays and leaks.
Model of relationship between ventilation and perfusion.
Picture of bubble PEP devices.
Example of nocturnal oxygen desaturation (NOD) and its physiological consequences. Example of nocturnal oxygen desaturation (NOD) and its physiological.
An example of delayed cycling during pressure-support ventilation of a patient with COPD, on a Puritan Bennett 7200 ventilator, which has a flow-termination.
Simulated screenshot of flow starvation in volume control continuous mandatory ventilation. Simulated screenshot of flow starvation in volume control continuous.
Characteristics of a pressure-supported breath.
A: Computed tomogram shows bilateral dependent consolidation in a patient with ARDS, as well as ground-glass opacities in the non-dependent lung. A: Computed.
A: The Parker Flex-Tip tube (left) has a flexible tip pointing toward the center of the distal lumen. A: The Parker Flex-Tip tube (left) has a flexible.
Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value, Area Under the Curve, and 95% CIs for the 0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 SatSeconds.
Comparison of airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) (blue curve) and biphasic positive airway pressure (BIPAP) (black curve). Comparison of airway.
Trigger and synchronization windows.
In this tracing of 30 seconds, 4 breaths are ineffectively triggered (arrows IT) and 7 are effectively triggered. In this tracing of 30 seconds, 4 breaths.
A 2-min recording showing periodic breathing, stable delivered pressure, and fluctuating oxygen saturation in a premature neonate supported by nasal intermittent.
Ineffective efforts and operation of apnea ventilation during pressure control continuous spontaneous ventilation (PC-CSV). Ineffective efforts and operation.
Example of Aerogen Solo Nebulizer before use with a fill volume of 3 mL normal saline (arrow 1) (A); the same nebulizer after random premature cessation.
We connected the supplemental oxygen supply at 3 places: near the ventilator, near the exhalation valve, and on the nasal mask port. We connected the supplemental.
Pulse oximetry tracings from a 60-y-old woman with a COPD exacerbation who was admitted to the ICU in ventilatory failure. Pulse oximetry tracings from.
Changes in PaO2/FIO2 (A) and PaCO2 (B).
Alveolar and airway CO2 during the ventilatory cycle: flow (upper graph) and mean alveolar and airway CO2 pressure scalars (lower graph). Alveolar and.
Carbon monoxide (CO) delivery system used in animal models and Phase 1 clinical trials. Carbon monoxide (CO) delivery system used in animal models and.
Schematic representation of the proposed definition of prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) in neonates and children. Schematic representation of the.
Change in mean pulmonary arterial pressure after a 5-min inhalation of the Rho kinase inhibitor Y in rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, with.
Areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for both the training and testing data sets based on a number of hidden-layer perceptrons.
A: Optimal cutoff point (circled) at which visual analog scale score categorizes subjects with versus those without bronchial obstruction. A: Optimal cutoff.
Study protocol. Study protocol. Subjects with hemodynamic, respiratory, and neurologic stability and positive predictive index were randomized to 3 groups.
Assembly used to convert a standard ventilator to an intermittent mandatory ventilation circuit. Assembly used to convert a standard ventilator to an intermittent.
Breathing frequency and PaCO2: comparison between high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) and comparative therapies in 8 studies. Breathing frequency.
Inspiratory time in excess (TIex) with the 10 ventilators tested under 3 conditions: in the absence of leaks and with the NIV algorithm deactivated (L0NIV0),
Negative pressures generated in our airway model.
Change in trigger delay during invasive (A) and noninvasive ventilation (B) with variable leak. Change in trigger delay during invasive (A) and noninvasive.
A: Pressure ulcer on the left cheek of a patient after 1 week of prone positioning using a commercially available endotracheal tube (ETT) holder. A: Pressure.
A: Evolution of clinically observed signs after 38 patients received high-flow nasal cannula oxygen. A: Evolution of clinically observed signs after 38.
Kaplan-Meier curve for the probability of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) failure relative to continuous use of NIV and stratified for Acute Physiology and.
The cause of asynchrony during volume-targeted ventilation and total asynchrony index. The cause of asynchrony during volume-targeted ventilation and total.
SpO2 at baseline, pre- and post-intubation.
Survival of subjects listed for heart transplantation with different spirometric ventilatory patterns. Survival of subjects listed for heart transplantation.
Calculated negative pressure developed in the lung plotted against the outside diameter of the suction catheter to the inside diameter of the airway. Calculated.
Survival of subjects listed for heart transplantation with and without spirometry. Survival of subjects listed for heart transplantation with and without.
Plots of alveolar PO2, hemoglobin saturation, and alveolar PCO2 as a function of alveolar ventilation in a normal subject at sea level (inspired oxygen.
The visual sputum suctioning system.
Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR; dyn/s/cm) at baseline and after exposure to inhaled nitric oxide (INO; 20 ppm) for 10 min, inhaled epoprostenol (EPO;
Indications for ventilation in children and adolescents
PaO2/FIO2, leukocyte count, and C-reactive protein during the first 10 days after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, in subjects with or without early-onset.
Ventilation protocol. Ventilation protocol. The PEEP group raised peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) through 5-cm H2O PEEP increments every 2 min while keeping.
Tidal volume (VT) error (% difference between set and actual values) was determined for each ventilator at VT of 300, 500, and 700 mL. Tidal volume (VT)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) may overlap with any number of pulmonary diseases, including COPD, cystic fibrosis (CF), etc. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
A: Work of breathing before and after nebulized terbutaline delivered via standard nebulization method versus delivered during continuous positive airway.
Sequence plot visualizing the development of symptom frequency for the cohort at the individual level between 2006 and Sequence plot visualizing.
The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.
Number of ventilator starts (including both noninvasive ventilation [NIV] and invasive mechanical ventilation subjects) based on age and etiology of ARF.
Representative tidal volume (VT) and breathing frequency (f) patterns of subjects with COPD and normal subjects during cardiopulmonary exercise testing.
Double lumen endotracheal tube (DLET) with its upper channel dedicated to fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) and lower channel exclusively dedicated to ventilation.
Plot of the surface tension (γ) and area.
Experimental setup. Experimental setup. Each tested ventilator was connected to the TTL test lung via a ventilator circuit. An oxygen analyzer, a pressure.
Lung model expiratory CO2 (or PETOv2) representing simulated alveolar CO2 at baseline (no high-flow nasal cannula) and effect on expiratory CO2 at different.
Relationship between the ΔP0. 1/end-tidal CO2 (ΔP0
A: Comparison of pediatric lung transplant survival between different age groups. A: Comparison of pediatric lung transplant survival between different.
Percent of extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) babies alive and off mechanical ventilation at 7 days, and median days on mechanical ventilation for ELBW.
The 3 compartment lung model described by Riley36,37 represents gas exchange in the lung in regards to the matching of alveolar ventilation (V̇A) and perfusion.
Mean ± SD PEEP requirements from randomized clinical trials of lung-protective ventilation whereby PEEP and FIO2 were titrated to maintain PaO2
Minute-by-minute means of breathing variables during the spontaneous breathing trial for the groups of subjects with trial success (n = 32) and failure.
Time taken to perform the Glittre activities of daily living (Glittre ADL) test by severity of COPD obstruction according to Global Initiative for Chronic.
Presentation transcript:

Representative tracings of transcutaneous CO2 (PtcCO2), Spo2, and heart rate during an apnea test designed to raise Paco2 to 100 mm Hg. At baseline, PtcCO2 is very close to Paco2, but exhibits a delay during the rapid increase of Paco2 during apnea. Representative tracings of transcutaneous CO2 (PtcCO2), Spo2, and heart rate during an apnea test designed to raise Paco2 to 100 mm Hg. At baseline, PtcCO2 is very close to Paco2, but exhibits a delay during the rapid increase of Paco2 during apnea. After reconnection to the ventilator, PtcCO2 becomes closer to Paco2, as the rate of decrease in Paco2 was reduced. (From Reference 13, with permission.)‏ J Brady Scott et al. Respir Care 2013;58:532-538 (c) 2012 by Daedalus Enterprises, Inc.