Measuring for improvement: from Toyota to thoracic surgery James M Levett, MD, Raymond G Carey, PhD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 68, Issue 2, Pages 353-358 (August 1999) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00547-0
Fig 1 Histogram of average coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) mortality before and after implementation of new protocol. Was the new protocol effective in reducing deaths? The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 353-358DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00547-0)
Fig 2 Control chart of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) mortality before and after new protocol. CL = center line or mean; LCL = lower central limit; UCL = upper control limit. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 353-358DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00547-0)
Fig 3 Histogram of decrease in average intensive care unit (ICU) admission time after the 1997 implementation plan, hospitals A and B. Was the decrease due to the implementation plan? The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 353-358DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00547-0)
Fig 4 Control chart of intensive care unit (ICU) admission time, hospital A. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 353-358DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00547-0)
Fig 5 Control chart of intensive care unit (ICU) admission time, hospital B. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 353-358DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00547-0)
Fig 6 Basic elements of a control chart. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 353-358DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00547-0)
Fig 7 Control chart of first/elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) mortality (DRG 106 and 107). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 353-358DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00547-0)
Fig 8 Control chart of first/elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) complications. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 353-358DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00547-0)
Fig 9 Control chart of bowel operation length of stay (LOS) (ages 18 to 64). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 353-358DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00547-0)
Fig 10 Control chart of complications from bowel operation. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 353-358DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00547-0)