Fig. 1. Impaired skin barrier enhances allergen penetration and activates the innate immune system. Multiple factors, including immune dysregulation, defects.

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Fig. 1. Impaired skin barrier enhances allergen penetration and activates the innate immune system. Multiple factors, including immune dysregulation, defects in terminal epithelial differentiation such as lack of filaggrin (FLG), deficiency of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), altered composition of stratum corneum intercellular lipids, and altered skin microbiome cause skin barrier defects. Source: Czarnowicki et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017;139:1723–34. Fig. 1. Impaired skin barrier enhances allergen penetration and activates the innate immune system. Multiple factors, including immune dysregulation, defects in terminal epithelial differentiation such as lack of filaggrin (FLG), deficiency of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), altered composition of stratum corneum intercellular lipids, and altered skin microbiome… Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2018 May;10(3):207-215. https://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2018.10.3.207