Mechanisms contributing to posttranscriptional regulation (PTR) under DR. Mechanisms contributing to posttranscriptional regulation (PTR) under DR. Of the mechanisms considered, RBPs, miRNAs, RNA editing, 3′ UTR length and structure, and intron retention (green) appeared to influence gene regulation under DR, whereas trans-splicing and 3′ UTR GC content (red) did not. For example, the mRNA binding gene pab-1 was reduced under DR through selective translation to promote longevity. The down-regulation of miRNAs mir-58 and the mir-80 family under DR promote longevity through selective translation. Genes translationally promoted under DR tended to have shorter 3′ UTRs with less secondary structure. RNA editing is increased under DR presumably through the down-regulation of the adr-1 to change the translation of genes with edits in their 3′ UTR. Intron retention is increased under DR to change the selective translation of genes with functions in the cell cycle and cell motility. Different SLs were associated with PTR, but this association was not changed under DR. We did not detect a significant difference in GC content of 3′ UTRs of genes differently translated under DR. Jarod A Rollins et al. LSA 2019;2:e201800281 © 2019 Rollins et al.