Law Enforcement Information Technology Session Moderators: Bill Romesburg and Bill Lefebvre

APPENDIX 1 Technology Descriptions Computer Aided Dispatch Records Management Systems Jail Management Systems Automated Field Reporting KELLY

CAD and RMS

CAD Foundation CAD is the foundation of the data collection process Data accuracy is critical Management reports for performance efficiency; resource deployment Collect most officer activities Flexible – change response areas easily, dynamically CAD is the starting point for data collection in the department. Begins the trail of police activity once the citizen calls 9-1-1. Data accuracy is critical; failure to record officer activity under-estimates resource needs Management reports identify length of time for CFS, response times, day and time of peak CFS for resource allocation. Allows managers to place officers when and where they are needed; anticipate seasonal CFS trends, weekly trends, special event trends. Can use CAD to collect more than CFS, including problem solving activity, off-duty employment, investigator assignments, command staff on duty or not, identify SWAT and other specially training officers on duty.

CAD Technology Overview Usually first major technology that a police department wants after radios Considered essential / critical as the department gets larger/busier Used to document Calls for Service and track police response. First step in department’s data collection System must be fast, very reliable, easy to use Once call is closed; data can be transferred to companion RMS

RMS Technology Overview Automated system for collecting data on police incident reports Allows for much faster routing of reports to special units Enables database queries to occur in minutes that would otherwise take days/ weeks/months Real time data, shared for problem solving Officers more aware, accountable for neighborhoods

Primary RMS Modules Incident Report Entry/Processing Master Name/Vehicle Index Arrest/Booking Traffic/Citations Investigative Analysis/Tracking/Management Property/Evidence Personnel/Scheduling Crime Analysis

Software CAD/RMS vendors generally broken into “tiers” Tier 1 – very large agencies Tier 2 – large to medium Tier 3 – medium to small Look for vendor that caters to your size department If multi-jurisdictional, make sure vendor can support Often offer companion CAD or RMS software CAD/RMS vendors generally broken into “tiers” depending on the size of the department their system supports

Before RMS

After

RMS: Captures Knowledge Studies indicate that 92% of an officer’s time is information-based The information collected rarely transfers to knowledge Community Policing is KNOWLEDGE BASED

CAD/RMS in a Mobile Environment Call management/call stacking Call history/address history Track officers activities Resource management, allocation of personnel based on needs Officer interactive Identify repeat calls/problem-solve Messaging (car-car, car-dispatch)

Jail Management System Overview Manages all aspects of jail facility, including: Intake Identification Classification Accounting Transportation Food Processing Housing Commissary Medical Screening Pharmacy

Jail Management System Key Inputs/Outputs Receives data from: CAD RMS Mobile Devices Databases AFIS Sends Data to: State/Federal Databases Justice Partners

Jail Management System Key Issues Timesaving Usually focused on reducing booking time Consider RMS/Mobile pre-booking integration RMS Integration MNI Access AFR Integration

Universal Elements Parent Organization Considerations Operating System Available Staffing Support & Maintenance Training, Training, Training Product Integration

Universal Elements COPS and Other Grants Community Policing National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) Technology Advancements Mobile Computing

Universal Elements CAD/RMS/JMS DISTRICT ATTORNEY LOCAL PROBATION COURTS STATE PAROLE PARENT ORGANIZATION FEDERAL

Automated Field Reporting Definition Phases Technology Overview Strengths and Weaknesses Major Providers

Automated Field Reporting 3 General Approaches Simple word processing in the vehicle Officer prints out paper copy of report Hard copy distributed, reviewed and used for manual RMS data entry CAD data populates report form Editing and other intelligent features Officer prints out paper copy of report Hard copy distributed, reviewed and used for manual RMS data entry Reports completed on mobile data devices in the vehicle: Integrated w/ CAD-RMS Editing Features Information transmitted via disk or wirelessly Online routing, review and approval Data transferred to RMS without rekeying Basic Word Processing Integrated CAD Functionality Paperless

Basic Word Processing Advantages Disadvantages Shortest implementation schedule Improves legibility Poses least change to organization Simple add on to mobile data for dispatching Allows development of data entry tools to increase accuracy and efficiency Potential building block towards more advanced AFR stages Disadvantages Redundant data entry Little or no opportunity for significant improvement in redeployment of agency resources Difficult to manage forms process

Integrated CAD Functionality Advantages Reduces redundant data entry CAD data Multiple forms with common information Only use relevant fields and forms Macros Improved data accuracy and consistency, allows for better inquiries Disadvantages More time required for the following: Software design Training Maintenance Support Still relies on manual routing, approval and data entry into RMS

Paperless Advantages Greatest potential for redeploying field resources Eliminates most redundant data entry Automated workflow Improved data accuracy Increases the speed of transmission of information to detectives Disadvantages All desktops need network access Potentially complex maintenance & support requirements Involves extensive technical and procedural design High Failure Rate Involves the most training Requires tight coordination among systems projects

AFR Considerations AFR is a complex, multi-stage process Traditional mobile data applications are well-proven . . . paperless processing is not Integration is a challenge due to the number of components involved including: Hardware Software Vendors Interfaces Importance of dealing with policies and procedures, signatures, approvals, routing and overall change from paper reporting New focus on networked and wireless RMS report writing applications