Health Problems
The most common ways to ask about someone's health are: How do you feel (today)? How are you feeling? Is everything okay? They will most likely respond: I'm fine. I feel sick. Not so good. Not very well. I don't feel well. I'm sick.
When you see (or hear) that they are not well, then you can ask: What's the matter? What's wrong? If the person wants to say what is wrong, they may give the reason they feel that way: I have ... (+ health condition) I've got ... (+ health condition) I have a headache I've got a sore throat.
Pain (n.) a pain can be sudden: After the match I had a terrible pain in my leg. painkiller to be a pain in the neck: to be very annoying (être casse-pieds) (style familier) Ache (n.) an ache is a continuous dull pain / It is used with 'back, tooth, head, stomach, ear' (backache, toothache...) heartache (v.) to ache I am aching all over Sore (adj.) sore = painful to have a sore throat Hurting when used or touched Ill Sick (adj.) (US) To be sick = To be ill (UK) to be sick = to be nauseous to be seasick to be airsick this child is ill, he is a sick child.