A Team India Movement for Transformation NEW INDIA 2022 A Team India Movement for Transformation

New India 2022 An India Free from Poverty and Corruption Connectivity, Roads, Internet, LPG, IT/DBT Social Protection for old, widows, disabled Power, Housing ODF, Waste Management Sports Youth Clubs Culture Health and Nutrition NEW INDIA 2022 Non Farm Livelihood, Multiple Livelihoods Water Conservation Bank Credit Financial Inclusion Well-being of the vulnerable Education, Skill Development Women SHGs Economic Activity

New India 2022 An India of High Growth & Ease of Business Simplifying further permission for business Doubling farmers income by diversification Rewrite laws that interfere with pace of business High Female work participation Ensuring smooth timely & adequate credit flow World class infrastructure – Land, Air, Sea Social Security for working class with basic quality of life NEW INDIA 2022 Sustainable Power availability World class cities and spaces IT use, New frontiers of Science & Technology Reforms in bureaucracy, judiciary, police Supporting Community led nano business Export led growth and domestic demand

Gram Swaraj Abhiyan in Aspirational Districts Partnership for Results Pradhan Mantri Ujjawala Yojana Saubhagya (Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojna) Ujala Yojana Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana Mission Indradhanush Improving Village School Better Health Service Community Action for Poshan Abhiyan Pilots in Agriculture Thrust on Skills for Youth RD & PR THRUST

Ujjwala – The GSA Impact New Ujjwala connections in 2018 Significant Jump in Coverage 3 to 7 fold increase in Ujjwala connections per month. Distribution Challenges and eKYC challenges overcome. Caste Certificate challenges overcome. From 3.5 crore coverage in March 2018 to over 5 crore coverage in July 2018.

Saubhagya – The GSA Impact SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN CONNECTION From an average of 10 lakh coverage to nearly 15 lakh and increasing. Infrastructure and material supply gaps identified. Challenges in Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Jharkhand and Odisha. GSA / EGSA accelerated the pace of electricity connections

Poverty Reduction – Lessons from Southern Indian States High adolescent girls participation in Higher Secondary/Higher Education. Decline in Fertility. Formation of Women SHGs. Livelihood diversification through Skills. Bank linkage for SHGs. Transforming Rural India It is now happening in Northern, Eastern, Western & NE States – DAY-NRLM is the Way Forward.

Where are we? The Baseline Chronic poverty reduction has been sharp. Manufacturing, construction, and services – part of the rural economy as well. Successful implementation of public welfare programmes in the last 5 years. LPG connections, electricity connections, rural housing, rural roads, toilets, health insurance, Bank accounts, accident insurance, life insurance, immunization, LED bulbs’ use – Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (GSA). Poverty of geographies and poverty of households being bridged through use of SECC for targeting the poor.

Making a Difference Poverty of Households Poverty of Geographies Lack of Education and Skills Under-Nutrition and ill-health Lack of Employment opportunities Assetlessness Lack of Safe Housing Poverty of Households Limited Access to Public Services Clutches of middlemen/corruption/ moneylender Absence of Social Capital-collectives of women/youth/poor households Low Price for produce - distress Violence/crime Poverty of Geographies Unirrigated agri/vagaries of monsoon Lack of basic infra-Roads, Electricity, internet Lack of access to markets and jobs Lack of non-farm opportunities

SECC 2011 Focused efforts on most deprived sections Particular Deprived Households Interventions Required PMAY Gramin DAY-NRLM MGNREGS DDUGKY/RSETI NSAP Livelihoods Education/Skills Animal Resources Non-Farm option Markets/Value Social Capital Bank Linkage Enterprise Professionals Horticulture Organic Health Nutrition SBM Only zero room or one room with kucha walls and kucha roof (D1) 2,37,31,674 No adult member between 16 to 59 (D2) 65,15,205 Female headed households with no adult male member between age 16 to 59 (D3) 68,96,014 Disabled member and no able bodied adult member (D4) 7,16,045 SC/ST households (D5) 3,85,82,225 No literate adult above 25 years (D6) 4,21,47,568 Landless households as manual casual labour (D7) 5,37,01,383 TRANSFORMING LIVES AND LIVELIHOODS MEASURING OUTCOMES

Measuring GP Performance (Census 2011) Household’s Well – Being (SECC 2011) INFRASTRUCTURE AND ACCESS TO SERVICES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND PROTECTION ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND DIVERSIFICATION OF LIVELIHOODS All Weather Road (Y/N) % of children fully immunized % of HHs with Bank loans for diversified livelihood Internet Connectivity (Y/N) with Bank/Banking Correspondent % of 0-3 children under weight, stunted, wasted % of HHs earning through dairy & animal resources. % of Households with safe housing % Deprived HHs with maternity benefits/Health Protection, access to basic medicines & primary care. % of HHs with placement/settlement in wage/self-employment. % of HHs getting power for 12 hours daily % of HHs with food security and clean water % of HHs with over Rs. 10,000 (USD 145.2) in Savings account. % of HHs cooking on LPG % girls completing Secondary Education/Skill Certificate Course % of HHs in non farm employment with skills, markets and Bank linkage. % of Agricultural Land giving 2 crops/protective irrigation. % of needy old, widows, disabled under social protection % of HHs in Farmers’ Producer Organizations/ PACS % of HHs with solid and liquid waste management/ODF % of 18-24 year covered under Skills/Higher Education % of women in paid/self-employment

Observations from Baseline Survey

SCORING PATTERN Source: missionantyodaya.nic.in

Critical Gap Analysis of Schemes under Mission Antyodaya

Adolescent Girls – The ‘Schooling Revolution Sl. No Change Parameters 1986-87 2015 1. Girls in Schools in Rural Areas 69.23% 6+ females never enrolled (NSSO - 42nd Round) Attendance Ratio upto Class-VIII same for boys & girls (NSSO – 71st Round) 2. Participation of Girls in Secondary/Higher Secondary Schools Very low Almost equal at Secondary 3. IMR 95 38 (32 now) 4. TFR 4.1 2.2 5. Age at Marriage Low Rising 6. Effective ASHAs, SHG women and women in PRIs Low/No High/Many Transforming Rural India

Accountability Framework PUBLIC INFORMATION CAMPAIGN CITIZEN CENTRIC APPS IT/DBT/GEOTAGGING COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION SOCIAL AUDIT INTERNAL AUDIT RESEARCH, EVALUATION & MONITORING

Major Financial Management Reforms “Just in Time” release in MGNREGS Single Nodal Account – authority to spend. Public Financial Management System (PFMS) and Expenditure, Advance and Transfer Module (EAT) Outcome Monitoring Transaction Based MIS with Geo-tagging.

HR Reforms – Outcomes as Thrust Dr. Sumit Bose Committee’s Recommendations. Need to pool HR Funds of core and agency functions. Supplement with Finance Commission’s resources. States’ specific reform agenda. Performance Based Payments and HR Based on desired outcomes. State led outcome thrust as Reform Agenda.

DAY-NRLM at a Glance Women Mobilized in SHGs Community Resource Persons CBOs promoted Capitalization Support 51.2 lakh SHGs, 2.9 lakh VOs, 25838 CLFs Rs. 6424 crore 2.24 lakh CRPs, 56000 Master Trainers 5.84 crore Bank loans accessed (last 5 years) Farm Livelihoods Non-Farm Enterprises (SVEP) Skill Training 41878 enterprises 12.86 lakh youth trained, 8.6 lakh placed Rs. 2.18 lakh crore 36 lakh women farmers

DAY-NRLM Financial Inclusion Interventions SHG Bank Linkage over the years Rs 2.18 Lakh crore leveraged from banking system NPA 2.2%

3 Important results DAY-NRLM – IRMA Study

Why is Livelihood Mission & Women SHGs Doing Well? DAY-NRLM Social Capital building process – formation and capacity building at each level of SHGs/Federations Transformational Role of Women community Resource Persons – Women who have come out of Poverty as leaders No Capital Subsidies; encouraging enterprise model through Bank linkage Linking DAY-NRLM Social Capital with all other programmes Opportunities for Skilling and Livelihood Diversification through Convergence Access to all Public Welfare Programmes for the Poor – PRI-SHG Convergent action Dasa Sutra approach – Livelihood, Skills, Education, Sanitation, Nutrition, Health, Social protection etc.

MGNREGS as a Livelihood Resource Individual Assets Farm ponds, dug wells, etc. Vermi compost, NADEP Pits. Goatshed, Dairyshed, Poultry shed. 90/95 days work in PMAY-Gramin. Tree Patta Scheme plantation. Land Development/Diversification. Animal Resource Shed with PMAY-G for the landless. Skills under LIFE – up the Skilling ladder. Community Assets Major water conservation measures. Grameen Haats for Producers. Workshed for Women SHGs. Solid Waste management. Village Roads, Parks, Drains. Aanganwadi buildings. Community Social Auditors/ Barefoot Technicians.

IEG–MGNREGS Study 2017 % of HH benefiting from availability of fodder Income of HH from different sources before and after assets creation (Rs ’000) IEG Study % of HH benefiting from increase in water table % of HH benefiting from availability of fodder Change in Agricultural Productivity (%) of Surveyed HH due to the creation of asset

What transformed MGNREGS? TRANSFORMING MGNREGS Durable Assets for Livelihood Security Complete Transparency - IT/DBT, Geo-tagging - Wages & Material Payments online - Reformed Public Records System Transparency 60:40 at District level and at least 60% on agriculture & allied actual State specific Water Conservation/Afforest-ation efforts Individual Beneficiary Schemes for Livelihood Diversification and Durable Assets SHG and PRI Convergence for Accountability SECC Deprivation based finalization of labour budgets to make poor gain more Improvement in Processes for Financial Management and Timely Wage Payments

1.54 crore Rural Homes completed in 5 years PRADHAN MANTRI AWAAS YOJANA – GRAMIN (PMAY-G) 1.54 crore Rural Homes completed in 5 years

PMAY-G Trends Central Release (in Rs. Crore) Completion of Rural Homes - States /UTs (Nos. in lakh)

Why is PMAY-Gramin doing well? Public Information Campaigns, wall writing of Permanent Wait List in GPs Evidence Based Beneficiary selection through 3 Filters – SECC, Gram Sabha, and Geo-tagging IT Based MIS with end to end solution for IT/DBT, Geo-tagging etc Extensive Design typology Studies across country to prepare optimal State/region specific designs Convergence SBM, MGNREGS, Ujjwala, Saubhagya, etc A specially designed Rural Mason Training Programme Real time monitoring of progress on AwaasSoft MIS, Ranking of States and Districts Evidence based progress monitoring by geo-tagging determining fund release

PMGSY-I 500+ and 250+ connectivity YEAR (s) Road kilometers per day 2011 – 2014 69 km per day 2014 – 2016 100 km per day 2016 – 2019 130-135 km per day Eligible & Feasible Habitations connected April 2014 56% March 2019 96% - 97% 30000 km Green Technology Roads

Why PMGSY has done well Excellence in PMGSY DPR based on ground truthings and vetted by Technical Agency – IITs, NITs, etc. IT based OMMAS for full transparency, scrutiny by NRIDA, Empowered Committee Monitoring framework OMMAS/Testing Establishing Labs SQMs/NQMs ATR compliance for Constant scientific and technological inputs through IRC standards, CRRI, new Green technologies Transparent and timely payment to contractors through PFMS – removing the human interface Investing in strengthening technical capacity of contractors Provision of recovery for non compliance of ATR from State Quality of standard Bid Documents, e-tendering, 5 year post construction liability/responsibility Citizen centric App Meri Sadak, Road signage, Public Information

New India 2022 – Summing up – What works…(1) Community Led and Outcome focused IT systems for Monitoring and Measurement Cooperative Federalism Community, Local, State, and National Govt Partnership of the Community, the State, and the Market

New India 2022 – Summing up – What works…(2) Ease of Living for every Indian Citizen Ease of doing Business Identifying the poor by deprivation – Socio Economic Census (SECC) Governance Financial Management Reforms – IT/DBT, PFMS, Geo-tagging, GIS Mapping etc. Social Capital – Social Justice with Economic Growth

NEW INDIA 2022 is Achievable but It cannot be Business as usual