Features on Earth’s Surface Pages 159-172 Features on Earth’s Surface

Watch Constructive Forces earthquakes crustal deformations volcanic eruptions sediment depostion Watch

Destructive Forces Wear down landforms carry bits and pieces of land to other places like the sea weathering erosion

Divergent Plate boundaries Make new crusts two plates moving apart in opposite directions

Seafloor Spreading the seafloor actually spreads apart where the plates pull away the lava reaches earths surface then solidifies this makes new ocean crust The new crust forms a mid ocean ridge

Lava cooling under ocean

Convergent Plate Boundaries Destroy crust! Plates converge or push into each other deep ocean trenches continental mountain chains volcanic island chains

Continental Mtn. Range

Transform Fault Boundaries two plates grind past each other San Andreas Fault

Thrust Fault forms when compression makes a fracture form through the rock layers

The force actually pushed one set of rock layers up and on top of the nearby rock layers

Fold forms when rock layers bend without breaking the rocks actually act like silly putty in slow motion

Hot Spots Rock will continually rise through the mantle and melt through the plate As the magma rises through the crust it actually makes new rock

Hawaiian Island in Pacific Ocean

Formation of island chains…

Shield Volcanoes Largest volcanoes formed by multiple erosions of highly viscous lava Ex- Hawaii Islands (Kilauea) Lava is thin, so gas escapes and doesn’t give pressure a chance to build up

Composite the type your picture when someone says volcano HUGE symmetrical mountains form along plate boundaries Mt. St. Helens

Cinder Cones spit out ash, gas, and hot rocks like walnuts only active a few years small and mound shaped Paricutin Mexico actually destroyed SanJaun

Glaciers One of the most powerful forces on Earth Large bodies of freshwater and ice that move down valleys and across land

Moraines glaciers leave deposits of rocks and soil