Airway Simulation to Guide Stent Placement for Tracheobronchial Obstruction in Lung Cancer Joseph B Zwischenberger, Gerhard R Wittich, Eric vanSonnenberg, Raleigh F Johnson, Scott K Alpard, Sanjay K Anand, Robert J Morrison The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 64, Issue 6, Pages 1619-1625 (December 1997) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01174-0
Fig. 1 Three-dimensional reconstruction of stenoses with proximal and distal airway measurements and length of stenotic region. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1619-1625DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01174-0)
Fig. 2 Bronchography of stenoses. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1619-1625DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01174-0)
Fig. 3 Wallstent (top) and Gianturco stent (bottom). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1619-1625DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01174-0)
Fig. 4 Sixty-four year old patient with bronchogenic carcinoma who presented with dyspnea. (A) Chest roentgenogram reveals a large mediastinal mass that surrounds and narrows the trachea to 5 mm in diameter. (B) A metallic stent (arrows) has been inserted that opens the trachea to 14 mm in diameter. The patient’s dyspnea subsequently resolved. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1619-1625DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01174-0)
Fig. 5 (A) Prestent computed tomographic scan at the level of the aortic arch showing a large mediastinal mass causing severe compromise of the airway with a high-grade stenosis (5-mm diameter) of the trachea. (B) Post-stent computed tomographic scan showing successful stent placement and patency of the trachea measuring 14 mm in diameter. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1619-1625DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01174-0)