The Atmosphere Reminder…. some things you have pondered…. What is the atmosphere? What are a few things you already know about the atmosphere? What is one question you have about the atmosphere?

Watched: Earth The Power Of The Planet – Atmosphere Answered the following questions as you watch or after the film is done. What are three things you found interesting in the film? What are two things that surprised you? What is one question you had from the film? What are some things about the atmosphere that you wish you knew more about?

Agenda: Intro to electromagnetic radiation HW: Atmo 2 Practice 1

SKIP-PIDY DO-DA

SKIP-PIDY DO-DA

the Sun From where does Earth get most of its energy? ___________ what’s in between? not much… link until you get to our atmosphere…. the interactions between atmosphere and energy from the Sun are key to environment/CLIMATE on Earth Sun diameter - 864,948.7 mi Earth diameter – 7917 miles atmosphere is about 80 miles “thick”

the Sun so,…. light is energy 1st …. understand energy from Sun From where does the earth get most of its energy? ___________ That energy reaches us in the form of? the Sun not heat (transfer of thermal energy) for heat to happen – matter has to touch Earth is tooooooo far away from the Sun for thermal energy to “get” to us there’s “nothing” (at least not much) in between so,…. light is energy

Light is energy…. synonym for light is Electromagnetic Radiation radiation electromagnetic (e/m) _____________________________ another force you are familiar with ____________ there are Four Forces…. a force gravity

Light is energy…. synonym for light is Electromagnetic Radiation radiation electromagnetic (e/m) where is radiation ? ( ) in space not in matter  originates in matter – travels through space  e/m in origin radiation is produced as charged particles move relative to each other types of e/m radiation radiowaves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-ray, gamma ray solar energy - primarily infrared (IR), visible, ultraviolet (UV) radiation

Light is energy…. synonym for light is Electromagnetic Radiation radiation electromagnetic (e/m) where is radiation ? ( ) in space not in matter  originates in matter – travels through space  e/m in origin it takes 610-9 sec for the light to get to your eyes from the overhead lights radiation is produced as charged particles move relative to each other travels through space as if it is a wave but it’s not a wave…. it travels straight… at what speed? _____________________ 2,998,000 meters/sec 186,000 miles/sec the speed of light Earth’s circumference 24,901 miles

To help understand the nature of light energy…. look at the nature of waves…

Amplitude Wavelength Frequency How high are the peaks ? How far between the two hands? How many peaks? How far between two peaks? How far between two troughs? How long does it take for 20 peaks to occur? How long for 1 (one) peak to occur ? So, 1 (one) peak occurs every Wavelength Frequency

The type of wave you created is called a ___________________________ The wave goes “up” and “down” between points that are fixed. Examples….. ___________________________________________ A second type of wave is called a _________________________________ The wave is created and moves through space. Examples…____________________________________________ standing wave strings of stringed instruments, the drum skin traveling wave sound waves, seismic waves, water waves standing traveling

standing traveling

example(s): standing/traveling what varies? plucked string standing height of string

example(s): standing/traveling what varies? plucked / hammered string standing height of string flicked spring traveling height of spring

example(s): standing/traveling what varies? water wave w/ dropped pebble traveling height of water

example(s): standing/traveling what varies? water wave w/ dropped pebble traveling height of water struck drum standing height of drum skin

example(s): standing/traveling what varies? sound wave traveling air pressure

example(s): standing/traveling what varies? sound wave traveling air pressure earthquake (seismic wave) traveling compression of land seismic wave

A  Name Definition Symbol height of a wave (from resting point) (measured in m, cm, …) Amplitude A distance between peaks or b/w troughs (measured in m, cm, mm, nm…)  (“lambda”) Wavelength how often a peak occurs at a point (measured in peaks/sec or just 1/sec or Hz) f or  (“nu”) Frequency

standing traveling Name Definition Symbol height of a wave (measured in m, cm, …) Amplitude A distance between peaks or b/w troughs (measured in m, cm, mm, nm…)  (“lambda”) Wavelength how often a peak occurs at a point (measured in peaks/sec or just 1/sec or Hz) f or  (“nu”) Frequency

A  Name Definition Symbol height of a wave (measured in m, cm, …) Amplitude A distance between peaks or b/w troughs (measured in m, cm, mm, nm…)  (“lambda”) Wavelength how often a peak occurs at a point (measured in peaks/sec or just 1/sec or Hz) f or  (“nu”) Frequency distance a wave travels in a given unit of time (measured in meters/sec) v (or c for light) Speed traveling wave only…

high energy = ______________, __________________ high frequency Complete the rope activity again, but this time do the following. Check with your teacher when you think you got it. Make a wave with a high frequency. f. Make a wave with a short wavelength. Make a wave with a low frequency. e. Make a wave with a long wavelength. Answer the following questions in regards to part 2 of this activity. 1. Which took more energy to create, a high frequency or low frequency wave? 2. Which too more energy to create, a short or long wavelength wave? 3. Can you think of any type of electromagnetic radiation that you have heard of? Do you think this radiation has a high or low amount of energy? high energy = ______________, __________________ high frequency short wavelength

YouTube Link – The Scale of Things high energy low energy

low energy high energy cause molecules to rotate (tumble) ionize atoms & molecules  cancers move electrons between orbitals enough energy to…. cause molecules to vibrate break chemical bonds chemical changes annihilation skip

back Visible e/m radiation

back UV e/m radiation

back x-ray e/m radiation

back gamma e/m radiation

back infrared e/m radiation IR images

microwave e/m radiation back microwave e/m radiation depends on polarity of molecule…                       

back radiowave e/m radiation

electromagnetic radiation through Earth’s atmosphere penetration of electromagnetic radiation through Earth’s atmosphere