Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders in Patients With Primary Immunodeficiency  Shradha Agarwal, Lloyd Mayer  Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology  Volume 11, Issue 9, Pages 1050-1063 (September 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.02.024 Copyright © 2013 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 H&E-stained duodenum from a patient with CVID showing mild to moderate villous flattening, active and chronic inflammation, and intraepithelial lymphocytosis with decreased numbers of plasma cells. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2013 11, 1050-1063DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2013.02.024) Copyright © 2013 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 H&E (original magnification, ×40) from a patient with (A) CVID, (B) IBD, and (C) hypogammaglobulinemia. Patients with CVID lack plasma cells in the intestinal lamina propria in contrast to patients with classic IBD or hypogammaglobulinemia. Arrows represent plasma cells. Reprinted from Agarwal et al.80 Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2013 11, 1050-1063DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2013.02.024) Copyright © 2013 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions