Apr. 15, 2019 You need: Clean paper (2) / pencil Warm Up: Warm Up – new for this week. Warm Up: Mental Math – be ready. I CAN: recognize and define motion Apr. 15, 2019

Mental Math 1.) What is 10% of $43.50?

Mental Math 2.) 100-34+7 =

Mental Math 3.) 33 =

Mental Math 4.) $2.25 + $15.75 =

Mental Math 5.) Bacon is $4/lb. How much will I pay for 9 and ½ pounds?

How is it moving?

So…what is motion? Motion is a change in position over time!!

So…what is motion? Distance If you change your position, then you have traveled some distance.

So…what is motion? Distance How fast you travel that distance is your speed! (Speed is the RATE at which you change position).

Motion – Occurs when an object changes _____________ relative to a _____________ ____________. position point reference

-Distance: how ________ an object has traveled. -Displacement: ______________ and _____________ of an object’s change in position from the starting point. far distance direction

How can we describe motion? Motion can be described by: DISTANCE (how far did it travel?) TIME (how long did it travel?) SPEED (how fast did it travel?) DIRECTION (which way did it go?) ACCELERATION (does the motion change?)

Speed – the _________________ an object travels per unit of _________________. Also known as the ____________ of change in position. distance time rate

Distance Length Amount of space between two given points Does unit matter?

Conversion in the METRIC system… NAME! RIGHT Kilo Hecto km Deka hm dkm deci LEFT centi Meter Liter Gram dm milli cm mm

How can we describe motion? Motion can be described by: DISTANCE (length) TIME (min, seconds) SPEED (distance and time) DIRECTION (which way) ACCELERATION (change in motion) Speed up, slow down, change direction VELOCITY…speed and direction

In math terms… Distance Speed = Time A “change in position over time” is the same as saying: Distance Speed = Time

What does “speed” mean? Some examples of speed: 60 miles/hour 100 meters/minute Let’s break it down… If you travel 60 miles per hour, how far do you travel in 1 hour? 60 miles/hour is the same as 60 miles 1 hour

Let’s practice calculating speed If you travel 100 km in 2 hours, what is your speed? Speed = Distance Time Distance = 100 km Time = 2 hours Speed = 100 km 2 h Speed = 50 km/h

D S T Speed = Distance Time Time = Distance Speed Distance = Speed x Time D S T

5 mm 1mm 10 mm

Binder clip – to steady the ramp To mark a place for the ramp AND a start for the index card. End point – to be measured for distance. The binder clip will be set at 10 cm – so the ramp is at 10 cm. An index card to indicate the movement. This is a CIBL lab – so all of the stuff is in our kit. It is a good hands-on way to get kids to describe and measure the movement of the card – based on the force of the marble. I don’t really think that I will get this far today – but it’s here, just in case.

Be careful! When measuring, make sure to use the actual scale on the ruler – not just the end of the ruler.

Measure how far the index card was pushed. Be careful! When measuring, make sure to use the actual scale on the ruler – not just the end of the ruler. Measure how far the index card was pushed. So from the end of the ramp to the stopping point of the index card.

Marble / Ramp Experiment The binder clip will be set at 10 cm – so the ramp is at 10 cm. An index card to indicate the movement. Binder clip – to steady the ramp To mark a place for the ramp AND a start for the index card. End point – to be measured for distance.

Speed vs. Velocity SPEED – tells you have fast or slow something is moving (changing position). Example = 25 km/h VELOCITY – tells you speed AND DIRECTION! (changing position in a certain direction) Example = 25 km/h EAST

What do you know about force? What do you need to know to describe a force? What happens if forces are both acting on the same thing? CIBL kit

Let’s try something You have a rope – find the middle color. Drape it across the desks to a table partner across from you. Write out the goal: GOAL = Each of you will need to pull on the rope in such a way as to make sure the middle does NOT move. EXPLAIN = How did you do it? CIBL kit

Let’s try again Same scenario. Drape it across the desks to a table partner across from you. Write out the GOAL: GOAL = Each of you will need to pull on the rope in such a way as to make sure the middle does move toward ONE of the pair. EXPLAIN = How did you do it? CIBL kit

What would you call that? If it doesn’t move? If it does move? Sketch an example of each onto your paper. Give two examples of balanced forces and two examples of unbalanced forces.

Introduction to FORCES

A FORCE is a PUSH or PULL in a particular DIRECTION. FORCES When you ride a bike, your foot PUSHES against the pedal. The push makes the wheels of the bike move. When you drop something, it is PULLED to the ground by gravity. A FORCE is a PUSH or PULL in a particular DIRECTION.

FORCES FORCES AFFECT HOW OBJECTS MOVE. Forces can affect motion in the following ways: They can make objects: START MOVING MOVE FASTER MOVE SLOWER STOP MOVING CHANGE DIRECTION CHANGE SHAPE BIG SCIENCE IDEA

FORCES Identify each picture as a PUSH or a PULL. Is the force causing a change in speed or direction or both?

Forces cause ACCELERATION. Since forces cause changes in SPEED or DIRECTION of an object, we can say that forces change VELOCITY, so…. Forces cause ACCELERATION.

FORCES 1) Strength of the Forces 2) Direction of the Forces More than one force can act on an object at one time. What happens to the object when forces act depends on 2 things: 1) Strength of the Forces 2) Direction of the Forces

FORCES Forces may WORK TOGETHER or OPPOSE each other. When 2 or more forces act on an object, the forces combine to form a net force. Forces may WORK TOGETHER or OPPOSE each other.

FORCES If the forces cancel each other out, and do not cause the object to move, the forces are said to be BALANCED. If the forces don’t cancel each other out – 1 force is stronger than the others – the forces are UNBALANCED and will cause a CHANGE IN MOTION.

MEASURING FORCE The strength of a force is measured in NEWTONS. The symbol is (N). We use a SPRING SCALE to measure force.

MEASURING FORCE Always “zero” your balance before use. Pull gently and with constant force. Practice using your spring scale to drag items across your desk. STOP HERE!

Try on your own! Take off a shoe (one per table) – keep your socks ON!! Use the “mystery tool” to push or pull the shoe across the table. Flip the shoe so that the laces are down and try again. Write your observations!

Shoe lab Record the amount of force at the moment the shoe first moves! Record your data!

COMBINING FORCES = 5 N right + 10 N right 5 N right Two forces in the same direction can add together to produce a larger net force. 5 N right + = 10 N right 5 N right

COMBINING FORCES = 5 N right - 5 N left 10 N left Two forces in opposite directions can subtract to produce a smaller net force in the direction of the larger force. 5 N right - = 5 N left 10 N left

COMBINING FORCES 0 N = - 5 N right 5 N left Two forces may cancel each other out (if equal and opposite) to produce NO NET FORCE. 5 N right 5 N left - = 0 N (No Net Force)

Circle the best answer: The forces shown above are PUSHING / PULLING forces. The forces shown above are WORKING TOGETHER / OPPOSITE FORCES. The forces shown above are EQUAL / NOT EQUAL. The forces DO / DO NOT balance each other. The net force is 1000 N TO THE RIGHT / 1000 N TO THE LEFT / ZERO. There IS / IS NO motion.

Circle the best answer: 7) The forces shown are PULLING / PUSHING forces. 8) The forces shown are WORKING TOGETHER / OPPOSITE FORCES. 9) The forces shown are EQUAL / NOT EQUAL. 10) The forces DO / DO NOT balance each other. 11) The stronger force is pulling RIGHT / LEFT. 12) Motion is the to the RIGHT / LEFT.

50 N NET FORCE 200 N 150 N Two movers are trying to move a heavy box. One mover pushes to the right with a force of 150 N. The other mover pushes to the left with a force of 200 N. a) Draw & label the forces on the diagram. b) What is the net force? 50 N LEFT c) Will the box move? YES d) If yes, in what direction? LEFT

14) Two movers are trying to move a heavy chair 14) Two movers are trying to move a heavy chair. One mover PULLS to the left with a force of 200 N. The other mover PUSHES to the left with a force of 200 N. a) Draw & label the forces on the diagram. b) What is the net force? 400 N LEFT c) Will the chair move? YES d) If yes, in what direction? LEFT 400 N NET FORCE 200 N 200 N

MIKE Four children are fighting over the same toy. Mike is pulling North with a 50 N force, Justin is pulling East with a 40 N force, Chantal is pulling South with a 50 N force, and Tykera is pulling West a 30 N force. a) Draw & label the forces on the diagram. b) Is there a net force on the toy? YES = 10 N EAST c) In which direction will the toy move? EAST d) Who gets the toy? JUSTIN 50 N TYKERA JUSTIN 30 N 40 N 50 N 10 N Net Force CHANTAL