Introduction to Nursing TOPIC 1: Introduction to Nursing Learning Goal C: Identify the systems of a healthy body HLT33115 Unit: HLTAAP001 - Recognise healthy body systems Related Assessment: Task C

Recap - https://www.emaze.com/@AWWCWRWR/Untitled

Urinary / Renal Systems Urinary or Renal system – Filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urines. Also maintains homeostasis of water, ions, pH, blood pressure and calcium.

Renal Systems Organs/Structures: Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, Urethra Tissue: Connective tissue, muscular tissue, epithelial tissues, nervous tissue Cells: epithelial cells (glomerulus cells) , muscle cells, blood cells. Molecules: water, proteins, salts

Kidney – filters the blood of waste to make urine Ureter - Moves urine from kidney to bladder Bladder - Stores urine. Urethra -Either via the penis or vulva

Renal system Responsibility for Filtration, reabsorption and secretion Excretion of wastes (i.e. ammonia, uric acid, urea and creatinine) water homeostasis acid/base homeostasis Electrolyte homeostasis Blood Pressure Homeostasis. Hormone production - to maintain processes - blood production and heart pumping

Key Points: Kidneys filtration Tubular reabsorption Tubular secretion Nursing assessments: Fluid Balance Urinalysis

Key Points: Urine is produced by retaining water. Colour of Urine should be clear to yellow incolour pH-5-7 NAD - blood, leucocytes, protein or glucose Nursing assessment: Urine flow Urinalysis

A renal system: Fluid in = fluid out - roughly 800-2000mls per day (on a 2000mls per day intake) Urine is clear to yellow depending on hydration pH - 5-6 Nil presence of blood, proteins, leukocytes, ketones, glucose (i.e. NAD) Specific Gravity - 1.000

So What. Summary Key Terms- these are taken from our discussions So What? Summary Key Terms- these are taken from our discussions. Please note these are not exact definitions but provide a general understanding. Healthy renal system: Fluid in = fluid out - roughly 800-2000mls per day (on a 2000mls per day intake) Urine is clear to yellow depending on hydration pH - 5-6 Nil presence of blood, proteins, leukocytes, ketones, glucose (i.e. NAD) Specific Gravity - 1.000 Nursing Observations: Blood Pressure Urinalysis Fluid balance (in and out) Urinary or Renal system – Filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urines. Also maintains homeostasis of water, ions, pH, blood pressure and calcium Organs: Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, Urethra Tissue: Connective tissue, muscular tissue, epithelial tissues, nervous tissue Cells: epithelial cells (glomerulus cells) , muscle cells, blood cells. Molecules: water, proteins, salts Key Terms Filtration – movement of excess water and solutes (salts) from blood plasma to glomerulus via passive diffusion (due to blood pressure) Reabsorption – movement of water and solutes back into the blood plasma – includes the reabsorption of sugars, amino acids and bicarbonates) Secretion – removal of urea Excretion – what is left over makes urine Key Structures: Kidney – filters the blood of waste to make urine Ureter - Moves urine from kidney to bladder Bladder - Stores urine. Urethra -Either via the penis or vulva