VIP treatment decreased the number of apoptotic cells and increased cell proliferation. VIP treatment decreased the number of apoptotic cells and increased cell proliferation. Pancreatic epithelia were grown for 8 h with or without VIP and were pulsed with BrdU during the last hour. TUNEL-positive cells were revealed in green (A and B) and counted (E). BrdU-expressing cells were revealed in red (C and D) and counted (F). Three rudiments were analyzed for each condition. *P < 0.05. Latif Rachdi et al. Diabetes 2003;52:85-92 ©2003 by American Diabetes Association