Case and statute analysis Statutory origins of IP -international -regional -domestic Statute and treaty interpretation Case analysis -doctrine of precedent -res judicata

Theoretical Approaches Incentive thesis Natural rights theory Theory of innovation Information theory Technology transfer theory

Patents- Issues Biotechnology and access to genetic resources Plant varieties and food security Pharmaceuticals Computer programmes and business methods Research exception Employee inventions

Trademarks Origin function Quality function Well-known marks Absolute and relative grounds Geographical indications Licensing

Copyright Interest analysis –users and owners Subject matter Databases Digital rights Anti-circumvention Moral rights Performers rights

Confidentiality Defences Test data Government v private secrets Trade Secrets Confidentiality Defences Test data Government v private secrets

Traditional knowledge Cultural expressions Traditional scientific knowledge Indigenous peoples Informed consent Benefit sharing Databases

Enforcement Counterfeiting Piracy Judicial enforcement –procedure, orders Administrative enforcement-border control