Presented at the 2 nd Thailand – China Symposium on Advances in Renewable Energy Technology Guangzhou, China, December 2009 Chawin CHANTHARASENAWONG Department of Mechanical Engineering King Mongkuts University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT)

Thailand wind energy industry influencing factors Two 1.25 MW wind turbines operation data Wind energy technology research opportunities in Thailand

1. Market: demand and supply 2. Economics 3. Environmental and Social Concerns 4. Government Policy Source: Prospect of wind energy in Thailand, Ministry of Energy, Dr. C Munchareon [2006]

Power demand forecast Power production in 2009 State owned facilities 47.5% Private sectors 47.3% Imported from overseas 5.2% Source: Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand (EGAT) power development plan [2007]

47.3% 47.5% 51.6% 11.0%

* VSPP = Very Small Power Producers

Taken from Economic evaluation of wind project and cost trend [by EGAT]

Electrical Generation Authority of Thailand Wind energy is not reliable Wind energy production is not included in the plan Wind energy is supported

Large number of wind energy project proposals exceeded EGAT planned allocation Pending and new proposals are regulated 200 THB/kW* deposits are imposed * Approximately 5.99 USD/kW or RMB/kW Source: Buying electricity from Small Power Producers, Nikom Warawat, EGAT [2009]

Type of renewable energy Subsidy (THB/kW) Contract period Biomass [<= 1 MW]0.507 Biomass [> 1 MW]0.307 Small hydro power [ kW]0.80n/a Small hydro power [< 50 kW]1.50n/a Wind energy [<= 50 kW] Wind energy [> 50 kW] Solar energy Source: Buying electricity from Small Power Producers, Nikom Warawat, EGAT [2009] Quoted from EGAT announcement 04/05/2009 according to cabinets decision 24/03/2009

Source: Biofuel Development in Asia/Developing countries perspective ChinaIndia - Source domestically - Utilize spare landAgricultural Benefits - Renewable - Source domesticallyEnergy security - Renewable - Reduce GHGsEnvironmental BrazilUnited states West Europe CommentsBiofules Market Drivers Thailand ??? High Medium Low

Operation data of two 1.25 MW wind turbine units at Lamtakong, Nakornrachasima

EGAT installed two 1.25 MW wind turbines at Lamtakong in March 2009 Located approximately 170 km North-East of Bangkok

20%25%

Wind energy research cluster at KMUTT

Low speed wind turbines Large part of Thailand possesses an average wind speed of 5 m/s or below

3D wind speed simulation and wind turbine performance evaluation Wind turbine location 60 m90 m Source: Wind turbine potential site survey and evaluation, Provincial Electricity Authority, 2009

Counter rotating dual rotor horizontal axis wind turbine Source: Chantharasenawong C., Suwantragul B., Ruangwiset A., Axial momentum theory for turbines with co-axial counter rotating rotors, Presented at the Commemorative international conference of the occasion of the 4th cycle anniversary of KMUTT Sustainable Development to Save the Earth: Technologies and Strategies Vision 2050: (SDSE2008), 7-9 April 2009

Flapwise dynamic aeroelastic analysis of horizontal axis wind turbine blade Source: Courtesy of Aircraft Research Association Ltd, Manton Lane, Bedford, UK

Modular tubular tower for megawatt scale wind turbine Source: North Star win turbine tower [

Chawin CHANTHARASENAWONG