Implementation of Drupal: An Effective Content Management System for Space Applications Centre Library Rachna Patnaik Scientist/Engineer “SG” and Head, Library & Documentation Division, Space Applications Centre, ISRO Ahmedabad rachna@sac.isro.gov.in NACLIN, 2018 4-6th October, 2018

Content Management System (CMS) Content management system allows collaborative creation of website. Allows to concentrate on content i.e. text, image, audio, video, etc. rather than on layout. Create and publish content in a standard format without knowing any programming language. CMS Content management application Content delivery application Front-end user interface that CDA compiles information allows a user to add, modify, and updates the website. remove content from a website. NACLIN, 2018

Drupal CMS It is an open source CMS. Licensed under the General Public License (GPL). Better community i.e. thousands of people work together to continuously improve Drupal modules, themes and distributing them. It is easier to use, more flexible, more scalable. NACLIN, 2018

Minimum Requirements for Drupal 1 Server 2 GHz Dual-core Architecture 2 Operating System 64 bit 3 Memory (RAM) 4 GB 4 Hard Drive 120 GB 5 Web Server Apache, Nginx, Lightttpd or Microsoft IIS 6 Database Server MySQL 5.0.15 or higher, PostgreSQL 8.3 or higher, or SQLite 3.X 7 PHP It is a programming language to create dynamic content NACLIN, 2018

Installing Drupal Download Drupal : From its official site www.drupal.org Download and install XAMPP package : Installs Apache, MySQL, PHP and Perl. Creating the database: Create a database and database user using phpMyAdmin before running installation script . Create settings.php and the files directory: For Drupal to work the entire information about database is stored in settings.php file. Run the installation scripts and set up the files directory. NACLIN, 2018

Customization in Drupal Customization is easy as extra modules and functional components are freely available and can be easily installed. The template engine of the CMS focuses on the design of the website. The design and layout is configured with Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) and Cascading Style Sheet (CSS). Content can then be added to the site and can be customized. Administrator can create new users and assign privileges. NACLIN, 2018

Architecture of Drupal Layers Themes User Permissions Blocks & Menus Drupal Core Modules Nodes (Content) NACLIN, 2018

Architecture of Drupal Drupal’s is architecture is modular and has five layers : 1. Node: Piece of content on website i.e. page, forum, comment etc. 2. Modules: Core modules : Modules are functional plugins that are shipped with Drupal. Contributed items: Created by members of the Drupal community. 3. Blocks and Menus: Blocks: Provides the output from a module and can be placed in various regions in the theme layout. Menus are navigators in Drupal, which define the content coming on each defined menu path (relative URL). 4. User permissions: User permissions are configured according to their roles. 5. Theme: On the top layer is the theme which is made of XHTML and CSS and can be used to change the look and feel of the website. NACLIN, 2018

Workflow of Drupal Drupal Administrator Users Web Server PHP Database Give permission to users to login Users login to Drupal Drupal Web Server PHP PHP sends user code via web servers like apache, IIS etc. Drupal users PHP to run user code Access user data from database and send back to user Database NACLIN, 2018

Implementation of Drupal in SAC Library SAC library designed, developed and implemented an interactive website using Drupal 7.38 CMS on Centos 7 platform in bilingual format. Web 2.0 tools have been incorporated in the website so that after becoming member one can participate in discussion forums and send feedback. Various online forms were designed and implemented for online submission to the website. Ask the Librarian was also incorporated. It has a facility for site search i.e. search the website content and link to other external links. NACLIN, 2018

Additional Modules were installed: 1. Clock -- to display time. 2. Date -- to display date. 3. Backup and Migrate -- for site Backup and Restore. 4. FAQ Field -- for Frequently Asked Question. 5. Menu Block -- for menu settings. 6. Menu Target -- for opening link in new window. 7. Qforms -- Used for creating online forms. 8. Scroll to Top -- for scrolling bottom to top directly. 9. Views – For RSS Feed. 10. Visitors -- for hit counts. 11. SMTP -- to enable e-mail based services. 12. CAPTCHA -- CAPTCHA code for security.   NACLIN, 2018

Implementation of Drupal in SAC Library The website content is divided into two broad categories: Information about the library – Its resources, services, working hours, general forms, users’ guide, circulars, staff list, FAQs, etc. Access to library content - OPAC (Online Public Access Catalogue), CD/DVD collection, Institutional Repository, NPTEL (National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning) videos, Current Awareness Service, online resources, etc. NACLIN, 2018

SAC Library Website NACLIN, 2018

Add Content in Website - Nodes Basic Page : Static content Book Page : Hierarchical navigation Forum : Discussion Webform : For forms Album : Create photo albums NACLIN, 2018

Modules NACLIN, 2018

Structure NACLIN, 2018

Blocks NACLIN, 2018

Menus

Menu Link NACLIN, 2018

Menu Link – CD/DVD Access Menu Link – Institutional Repository Menu Link – CD/DVD Access NACLIN, 2018

People and Permissions NACLIN, 2018

Theme (Appearance) NACLIN, 2018

Usage of Library website SAC library also developed library portal for ISRO/DOS consortia “Antariksh Gyaan” using Drupal CMS. This portal is accessed by all ISRO/DOS community users. NACLIN, 2018

Security feature in website As library link is provided on organizational Intranet additional security feature was incorporated. A captcha image was incorporated on "Request New Password" page to prevent automated spam submissions. NACLIN, 2018

Security feature in website Feedback it was limited to authorized users. User name & e-mail address was prefilled fetching data from session login. The Text Field length of "Feedback" was restricted to 1000 characters to avoid spamming. NACLIN, 2018

Conclusion   Care must be taken while selecting an open source content management system. SAC library website is a real and livid example of how CMS can help in providing and marketing library services from a single interface. Monitoring usage logs and user feedback can help in providing better services to users. Thus, a successful website will not only enhance the learning and research environments of the organization but will also contribute to a better informed and more open society. NACLIN 2018

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