Topic 7a-The Start of the Cold War Analyze the origins of the Cold War Compare and contrast the major beliefs of communism and capitalism and why this led to conflict Evaluate early actions of the United States to combat communism and USSR influence

Cold War post WWII US/Soviet Relations Germany and Eastern Europe Allies during WWII Common Enemy Germany and Eastern Europe US- Unified Germany; independent nations in E. Europe USSR-Weak and divided Germany; keep onto areas in E. Europe under their control Soviet Position Promised elections in Eastern occupied zones Did not-US believed USSR wanted to take over whole world Led to Cold War Huge tension-no “hot” military conflict How did the situation following World War II lead to issues between the United States and Soviet Union? Why is the period between 1945-1991 referred to as the Cold War?

Communism v. Capitalism-Ideological Clash US-Capitalist Democratic government Private property (owned by individuals) Uneven wealth distribution=class system Individualism/focus on individual Small government interference Competition=achievement People need freedom USSR-Communist Totalitarian government Public property (owned by govt.) Even wealth distribution=no class system Communalism/focus on community Government is in total control Equality over freedom People need one another Draw a T-chart and elaborate on the major differences between communism and capitalism. Based on the basic characteristics of the two systems, what do you think are positives and negatives of capitalism? What are positives and negatives of communism?

W. European Response-Iron Curtain US-very concerned about growing power of USSR Also Britain-Churchill gave Iron Curtain speech in Missouri Europe divided between Soviet East and Democratic West USSR goal-install communist governments throughout Eastern Europe Also wanted to spread communism throughout W. Europe and Asia US and others-stand firm What were the major points of Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech? Examine the map. What does this map show about Europe following WWI? What were the Iron Curtain’s borders? Who were the major countries in the Eastern bloc? Who were the major countries in the Western bloc?

Early US Cold War Policy US idea-containment Limit communism to where it already existed-no expansion “The main element of any US policy toward the Soviet Union must be that of long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies.”- George Kennan Truman Doctrine Request to aid Greece and Turkey from Communist influence Congress gave $400 million in aid to fight communism to these countries What as the major idea behind containment? Who was George Kennan? What does his quote say about the conflict with the Soviet Union? What was the Truman Doctrine? What does this say about US Cold War strategy?

Continued US Strategy Truman Doctrine moved to Marshall Plan Help to recover countries in W. Europe from WWII Goal to make sure countries didn’t become communist Situation with Germany East v. West Germany Berlin Airlift Cold War Alliances Emerge North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) US Britain France W. Europe Warsaw Pact USSR E. European Countries Cold War is on What were the major goals of the Marshall Plan? What was the Berlin Airlift and how did it increase Cold War tensions? What were the major goals of the two alliances? Who were their major members and how did this contribute further to the Cold War?