Utah’s Noxious Weeds

Utah’s Noxious Weeds: 28 Weeds Bermudagrass Cynodon dactylon *Black henbane Hyoscyamus niger Canada thistle Cirsium arvense Dalmatian toadflax Linaria dalmatica Diffuse knapweed Centaurea diffusa Dyers woad Isatis tinctoria L. Field bindweed Convolvulus arvensis Hoary cress Cardaria Spp. Houndstongue Cynoglossum officinale Johnsongrass Sorghum halepense Leafy spurge Euphorbia esula Medusahead Taeniatherum caput-medusae Musk thistle Carduus nutans *Ox-Eye daisy Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Perennial pepperweed Lepidium latifolium Perennial sorghum Sorghum halepense L. & Sorghum almum Poison hemlock Conium maculatum Purple loosestrife Lythrum salicaria L. Quackgrass Agropyron repens Russian knapweed Centaurea repens Saltcedar Tamarix ramosissima Scotch thistle Onopordum acanthium Spotted knapweed Centaurea maculosa Squarrose knapweed Centaurea squarrosa *St. John’s wort Hypericum perforatum *Sulfur cinquefoil Potentilla recta Yellow starthistle Centaurea solstitialis *Yellow toadflax Linaria vulgaris Additional County Listed Weeds: Cache: Goatsrue, Puncturvine Davis: Yellow nutsedge, Buffalobur Duchesene: Russian olive Salt Lake County: Garlic Mustard, Myrtle spurge Uintah: Russian olive Emery, Grand, Utah, Wasatch: n/a

Yellow Toadflax Linaria vulgaris A 1-3 foot tall perennial with yellow flowers and narrow leaves. Grows in a wide range of habitats, including pristine meadows. Establishes large colonies through an aggressive creeping root system. Michael Shephard, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org

Sulfur cinquefoil Potentilla recta A 1-3 foot tall perennial with light yellow flowers and hairy leaves. Impacts rangeland and forests by forming large monocultures and reducing grass production. Sulfur cinquefoil is unpalatable to most wildlife and livestock. Montana Statewide Noxious Weed Awareness and Education Program Archive, Montana State University, Bugwood.org

Black henbane Hyoscyamus niger A 1-3 foot tall annual or biennial covered in sticky hairs with a foul odor . Grows in pastures and waste areas. Introduced as an ornamental, it is considered a narcotic and poisonous to humans and livestock. Steve Dewey, Utah State University, Bugwood.org

St. John’s wort Hypericum perforatum A 1-3 foot tall perennial with yellow flowers. The leaves, when held up to the light, appear to have pin holes in them. Impacts pastures and rangeland and is toxic to livestock. Richard Old, XID Services, Inc., Bugwood.org

Oxeye daisy Leucanthemum vulgare A 1-3 foot tall perennial with white daisy like flowers, similar to Shasta daisy . Grows in pastures, meadows, and rangeland. Impacts include decreased forage production for cattle and livestock. Mary Ellen (Mel) Harte, , Bugwood.org

Dalmatian Toadflax Linaria dalmatica A 2-3 foot tall perennial with waxy leaves and yellow flowers. Impacts rangelands and habitats with exposed dry rocky soils by out-competing desirable forage species. © Mandy Tu, The Nature Conservancy; Linda Wilson, University of Idaho, Bugwood.org

Poison hemlock Conium maculatum A 3-8 foot tall biennial with white flowers, purple spotted stems, and ferny leaves. Can be mistaken for wild carrot. Found in pastures, crops and along ditch banks, it is highly poisonous to humans and livestock. Ohio State Weed Lab Archive, Ohio State University, Bugwood.org

Houndstongue Cynoglossum officinale A 1-3 foot tall biennial with reddish flowers and rough hairy leaves. Burs spread long distances by sticking to clothing and fur. Impacts rangeland and pastures and is toxic to wildlife and livestock. Richard Old, XID Services, Inc., Bugwood.org

Salt cedar Tamarix ramosissima A 12-15 foot tall shrub with pink flowers and salt encrusted leaves. Impacts native plant communities by replacing native plants, monopolizing water reserves, and increasing fire & flood frequency. Forest & Kim Starr, U.S. Geological Survey; Richard Old, XID Services, Inc., Bugwood.org

Centaurea biebersteinii The Knapweeds Cindy Roche, Bugwood.org Steve Dewey, Utah State University, Bugwood.org Steve Dewey, Utah State University, Bugwood.org Spotted Centaurea biebersteinii Diffuse Centaurea diffusa Russian Acroptilion repens

Spotted Knapweed Centaurea maculosa A 4 foot tall perennial with branching stems that crowds out native species therefore reducing habitat for wildlife and livestock. Grows in a range of habitats from moist riparian areas to dry rocky slopes. Marisa Williams, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Bugwood.org

Diffuse knapweed Centaurea diffusa A 1-4 foot branching perennial, with generally white (sometimes pink or lavender) flowers surrounded by fringed bracts and a long tipped spine. Impacts rangeland and grasslands by displacing native plant species. Richard old, xidservices.com

Leafy Spurge Euphorbia esula A deep rooted perennial with toxic properties that is highly competitive with native vegetation. Grows in a range of habitats including pastureland, riparian areas, and dry rocky slopes. (c)Barry A. Price/The Nature Conservancy; Norman E. Rees, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Bugwood.org